酸催化对二氧化钛溶胶结构形貌及光催化影响

文档编号:CL125  文档字数:13179,页数:31

摘     要
 近年来，环境污染的控制与治理已成为亟待解决的重大问题。在众多环境治理技术中，利用太阳光作为光源活化纳米TiO2，使其在室温下分解有机污染物，已成为一种理想的环境治理技术，越来越广泛地应用于人们的日常生活中。
 溶胶-凝胶法是60年代发展起来的一种制备陶瓷、玻璃、纤维和大块固体、薄膜等无机材料的新方法，其制备纳米TiO2的基本原理是将金属醇盐或无机盐在有机介质中水解、缩聚反应得到凝胶，凝胶经陈化、干燥、煅烧制得所需材料。该方法具有化学均匀性好、纯度高、化学计量比易控制、设备简单、易操作等优点，本实验采用传统的溶胶-凝胶法，在过量水配方体系中，用钛酸丁酯为前驱体、乙醇为溶剂、不同的酸种类及用量为催化剂，在低温下通过钛酸丁酯完全水解直接制备出含有TiO2纳米晶的溶胶，使溶胶无需经过任何处理就具备良好的光催化性能。
    本文重点研究了不同酸催化对TiO2溶胶的物相、形貌、光催化性能的影响。研究发现，不同的酸催化剂对TiO2溶胶的物相、微观形貌的影响较大，特别是在微观形貌上呈现各种不同的晶体形状。不同的酸催化剂对TiO2溶胶的光催化性能亦有重要影响，一般来说，催化剂用量越少，钛酸丁酯的水解越彻底，单位体积内有效聚集的粒子越多，被络合的越少，参与光催化降解罗丹明染料的粒子越多，在分散系分散性相近时，其光催化效果越好。除了与催化剂用量多少影响到的钛酸丁酯水解程度有关外，溶胶的光催化活性还与体系的分散性相关；当分散系的分散性相差过远时，样品的光催化效率会受很大影响。

关键词：二氧化钛  溶胶-凝胶法  光催化  催化剂

Abstract
 In recent years, pollution control and management have become a major issue that to be resolved. Among the many environmental control technology, the technology of useing sunlight as a light activated Nano TiO2 for decomposition of organic pollutants at room temperature has become an ideal environment management technology, more and more widely used in people's daily life.
 Sol - gel method is a new method developed in the 1960s to make ceramics, glass, fiber and bulk solids, films and other inorganic materials , the basic principle of the preparation of Nano-TiO2 is putting the metal alkoxides organic or inorganic salt in medium for hydrolysis, polycondensation reaction gel, then get the materials requiredgel by aging, drying, calcining the gel. The method is chemical uniform, and high pure, equipment simple，easy to operate and the proportion of stoichiometric easy to control. This experiment using the traditional Sol - gel method, in the formulation of excessive water system, used as the precursor titanate butyl Of ethanol as solvents, different types and amount of acid catalyst in the low temperature through the hydrolysis direct titanate butyl fully prepared containing the nano-crystalline TiO2 Sol, Sol without going through any have a good handle on the photocatalytic properties.
     This article focuses on the impact that different acid catalyst for the phase, morphology, photocatalytic properties of. TiO2 Sol. It wap found that different acid catalyst for the TiO2 Sol, a greater impact on the morphology, particularly in the morphology show on a variety of crystal shape. Different acid catalyst have an important impact on the photocatalytic of TiO2 Sol, in general, the less the amount of catalyst, the more the hydrolysis titanate butyl thorough, effective unit volume, the more accumulation of particles, the less the complex , To participate in Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine dye particles, the more decentralized system in the dispersion of similar, the better its photocatalytic effect. In addition to the amount of catalyst , Sol photocatalytic activity with the decentralized system of relevant influence the extent of the hydrolysis butyl titanate 。When dispersed a difference too far in the dispersion o samples of the photocatalytic efficiency will be affected by significant impact on .

Keywords：Titanium Dioxide  Sol - gel  Photocatalytic  Catalyst

目录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目录 IV
第一章  绪论 1
 1.1  TiO2的基本性质与结构 1
 1.2  TiO2的光催化基本原理 1
 1.3  TiO2光催化性能的影响因素 3
1.3.1 晶体结构的影响 3
1.3.2 TIO2表面活性的影响 4
1.3.3 其他影响因素 5
 1.4 TiO2的应用 6
 1.5 TiO2的制备方法 7
 1.6 溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2 9
 1.7 立题依据 11
第二章 实验与测试过程 12
 2.1 样品的制备 12
2.1.1 实验用主要原料 12
2.1.2 样品的制备 12
2.1.3 样品的标号 13
 2.2 样品的表征与测试 13
第三章 不同酸催化剂对TIO2溶胶的影响 15
 3.1 样品的XRD分析 15
 3.2 溶胶的微观形貌分析 18
 3.3 样品的SEM分析 20
 3.4 样品的光催化性能表征 21
第四章 结 论 24
参考文献 26
致  谢 27

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