弯管角度非接触测量系统的设计

文档编号:CK047   文档字数:12693,页数:23

摘  要
 机械产品尺寸和形状检测是现代化大生产中必不可少的重要环节。特别是随着生产过程自动化程度的不断提高，人类视觉检测或常规的接触测量越来越不能满足当今工业领域的要求，非接触测量技术开发愈显重要，机器视觉技术是近几年受到普遍重视的新方法。
 弯管机是实现管材弯曲成形的主要设备，广泛应用于汽车、摩托车、化工、家具、航空航天和军工等行业，而且随着现代制造工业的发展，对弯管机使用性能的要求也越来越高，要求在适应性、效率和精度上有更大的突破，特别是船舶、汽车、交通能源、航天航空、军工等行业，需要高精度的自动化弯管机。
 本文通过对硬件选型，测量系统的构建，图像采集，图像预处理，图像处理算法，系统标定，误差分析以及labview软件实现等方面阐述了机器视觉在弯管机弯角测量中的应用。在影响精度的关键算法上，通过分析被测对象所处的工况和其本身的特点，参考大量国内外文献，进行了算法比较和分析，最终选择最佳算法，从理论、实际两方面佐证了系统的可靠性和可行性。

关键词：弯管机;LabView&IMAQ;机器视觉;尺寸检测

Abstract
 The inspection of dimension and shape of machine product is an important and essential part in the modern produce.Especially as the advancing of extent of robotization in the produce process,the human's vision inspection and general contact measurement could mot satisfy the request of modern industry field more and more.So the technic development of uncontact measurement is more and more important.Machine vision technology is a new means,which is attached importance to widely.
  Pipe bender is the leading equipment which achieve bending and figuration pipe material,is widely applied in aerospace industry、chemical industry、furniture industry、war industry、motorcycle industry、autocar industryand so on,and as the development of modern manufacturing,pipe bender is requested better and better in the use performance,and is also requested having a break in the            adaptability efficiency and precision.Especially the aerospace industry、autocar industry、energy industry、war industry、shipping industry etc,in which  demands highly precise roboticized pipe bender.    
 In this article,Machine vision applies for measurement of curving angle of pipe bender through selecting hardware model,constructing measurement systema,acquising image,enhancing image,image processing arithmetic,indication of positions of ,analysing error,actualizing by LabView and so on facet.
On the key arithmetic ifluencing precise,through analysing the condition and characteristic of the object,consulting large numbers of literature at home and abroad,analysing and comparin arithmetic,and finally choosed the most suitable arithmetic,proofed reliability and feasibility of system in theory and actual facet.
Key words:pipe bender; LabView&IMAQ;Machine Vision;rdimension inspection

                    
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
1  绪论 1
1.1 课题的来源 1
1.2 研究的目的和意义 2
1.3 国内外研究现状 2
1.4 本文研究的主要内容 3
2  弯管角度非接触测量系统的设计 4
2.1 总设计方案 4
2.1.1 开发的硬件 5
2.1.2  开发系统的应用软件 6
2.2  本章小结 10
3  图像处理及算法研究 10
3.1图像预处理 11
3.1.1 灰度直方图 11
3.1.2中值滤波 12
3.1.3  图像二值化 14
3.1.4 二值图像的数学形态处理 15
3.1.5边缘检测 16
3.2  本章总结 17
4  误差分析 17
4.1 误差来源及分析 17
4.2 本章小结 18
5  结束语 18
致谢 19
参考文献 20

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