基于旋转编码器的转速检测系统的设计

文档编号:CK080   文档字数:11133,页数:27

摘要
 本文档主要是介绍基于旋转编码器转速检测系统的设计，首先文章介绍了精确的测量在工业生产中的重要性，并且简要介绍了常用的几种测量转速的方法和旋转编码器测量转速的几种方法。接着着重介绍了基于旋转编码器弯管电机转速检测系统的设计，分别从硬件和软件两方面来详细介绍了本研究的情况。硬件方面，说明了为何选用了本款增量式旋转编码器，以及如何通过四倍频电路和细分电路来增加测量的精度。软件方面，整个软件从功能上可分为初始化模块、脉冲计数模块、计时模块、参数调整模块和显示模块。同时也介绍了步进电机细分驱动程序。最后通过测试得到相应的技术参数，并对测量系统的误差进行了分析，证明了本系统的可行性。
关键词：旋转编码器；转速测量；倍频细分电路
Abstract

This paper mainly introduces the design of rotary encoder-based speed detection system . Firstly, the article presents  the importance of precise measurement  in industrial production, and outlines several commonly used method of measuring speed as well as a few methods of measuring speed by the rotary encoder . Then it focuses on the design  of rotary encoder based on the bend of the motor speed detection system ,from hardware and software  two perspectives described in details of this study. From the hardware part, it explains why this section was chosen incremental rotary encoder, as well as through the multiplier circuit and four sub-circuits to increase the accuracy of measurement. In the software part, the whole software from the functional module can be divided into initialization, pulse counting module, timing module, parameter adjustment module and display module. At the same time, it also introduces the driver of sub-stepping motor . Finally, it proves the feasibility of the system through testing the technical parameters and analysising the error of  system measurement.

Keywords：Rotary encoder；rotation Speed； frequency sub-circuit
目 录

1 绪论 1
1.1. 课题的来源 1
1.2. 研究的目的和意义 2
1.3. 国内外研究现状 2
1.4. 本文档的主要研究内容 3
2. 基于旋转编码器的转速检测系统的设计 4
2.1总设计方案 4
2.1.1 使用旋转编码器来测量电机转速的几种方法 4
2.1.2 使用增量式旋转编码器来判别电机转速方向的原理 5
2.1.3 增量式旋转编码器的反馈脉冲的四倍频原理 6
2.2. 由AT89S52构建的测速电路硬件系统的设计 7
2.2.1 四倍频电路方案及硬件实现 8
2.2.2恒流斩波细分驱动方案及硬件实现 11
2.3. 单片机软件设计 11
2.4. 转速的计算 19
2.5. 误差分析 19
3. 总结 22
致谢 23
参考文献 24

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