单片机控制的三相全控桥触发系统设计

文档编号:JD756  设计字数:20823,页数:73

摘要
 电子技术的应用已深入到工农业经济建设，交通运输，空间技术，国防现代化，医疗，环保，和人们日常生活的各个领域，进入新世纪后电力电子技术的应用更加广泛，因此对电力电子技术的研究更为重要。近几年越来越多电力电子应用在国民工业中，一些技术先进的国家，经过电力电子技术处理的电能己达到总电能的一半以上。
 本文主要介绍基于MCS—51系列单片机AT89C52芯片控制的三相桥式全控整流电路的主电路和触发电路的原理及控制电路，软件部分由C51高级语言编程。具体运行由工频三相电压经变压器后在芯片控制下在不同的时刻发出不同的脉冲信号去控制相应的SCR可控硅整流为直流电给负载供电。此种控制方式其主要优点是输出波形稳定和可靠性高抗干扰强的特点。触发电路结构简单，控制灵活，温度影响小，控制精度可通过软件补偿，移相范围可任意调节等特点，目前已获得业界的广泛认可。并将在很多的工业控制中得到很好的运用。

关键词：晶闸管   MCS—51单片机    触发角   同步信号 

 The single-chip microcomputer control 3-phases full controlled trigger system design
 Abstract
 The application of electronic technology has deep into the agricultural economic construction, transportation, space technology, national defense modernization, medical, environmental protection, and People's Daily life in all areas, enter the new century power electronic technology, so more widely in power electronic technology research is more important. In recent years, more and more application in the national power electronics industry, some advanced technologies of the country, after processing of electric power electronic technology has reached more than half the total energy.
 This paper mainly introduces the MCU based on MCS - 51 series three-phase AT89C52 chip controlled rectifier bridge type all control circuit and the circuit principle of trigger circuit and control circuit and software consists of senior programming language C51. Specific operation by frequency voltage transformer in the three-phase after under control chip at different moments of the pulse signal to control the SCR silicon rectifier is corresponding to load power DC. The control mode is the main advantages of high stability and reliability of output waveform characteristics of strong anti-jamming. Trigger circuit structure is simple, flexible control, temperature, control accuracy can be compensated by software, can adjust arbitrarily limits have won the wide recognition. And in many industrial control will get to good use.
 Keywords:  thyrister   MCS - 51 single-chip Microcontroller   triggering Angle  synchronous signal

 目  录
摘要………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
引言…………………………………………………………………………………1
 1．1   研究背景和意义………………………………………………………………1
     1．1．1  晶闸管的发展现状…………………………………………………1
1．1．2  电力电子技术的前景………………………………………………………2
1．1．3  晶闸管的应用………………………………………………………………2

第二章  三相可控整流电路晶闸管的介绍……………………………………………5
 2．1   三相桥式整流电路晶闸管的特征……………………………………………5
2．1．1  晶闸管的开关特点…………………………………………………………5
     2．1．2  晶闸管的几种导通方式……………………………………………6
 2．1．3  晶闸管的基本特性…………………………………………………………6
2．1．4  晶闸管的触发………………………………………………………………6
第三章    三相桥式全控整流电路……………………………………………………7
3．1     三相桥式全控整流电路电阻性负载………………………………………7
3．2    三相桥式全控整流电路电感性负载………………………………………12
第四章  AT89C52芯片介绍…………………………………………………………16
4．1  AT89C52主要性能参数………………………………………………………16
4．2  AT89C52引脚及内部器件功能说明…………………………………………17
第五章  控制系统原理………………………………………………………………45
5．1    系统结构框图………………………………………………………………45
5．2  触发器硬件组成………………………………………………………………45
5．3  移相触发脉冲的控制原理……………………………………………………47
第六章  系统硬件电路器件选择……………………………………………………50
 6．1  晶闸管的参数及其选择……………………………………………………50
 6．1．1   晶闸管及平波电抗器…………………………………………………50
 6．1．2   晶闸管的保护…………………………………………………………51
 6．2  具体器件的计算与选择……………………………………………………52
第7章  软件设计……………………………………………………………………58
7．1   触发脉冲控制软件的设计………………………………………………58
7．2   软件控制程序清单………………………………………………………57
结论…………………………………………………………………………………65
致谢…………………………………………………………………………………66
参考文献……………………………………………………………………………67

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