商品房地下车位权属问题研究

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摘    要
      随着社会的不断发展，汽车的增多，土地的减少，车位的供求矛盾权属矛盾日益显现出来，商品房车位问题一直以来困扰着每个业主，商品房地下车位权属纠纷案件时有发生，尤其是商品房的地下车位权属至今还未有最合理的解决，尽管我国《物权法》已经颁布，对于地下车位权属也有了相关的规定，但仍有不尽合理之处，只有通过立法的不断完善，这一问题才能得以真正的解决。本文从以下几个方面叙述：首先介绍目前我国停车位的大致现状，并提出急需解决这一问题的必要性与重要性，接着介绍目前学界有关确认车位权属的一些主要观点，并用建筑物区分所有权的理论来探讨地下车位的权属，然后介绍各国的相关法律法规，提出可借鉴的地方，以弥补我国法律中的不足，最后是对《物权法》的74条进行了评析，并提出了自己的一些建议。整篇文章旨在为商品房地下车位的归属提出切实的理论依据。

 关键词：地下车位   权属    物权法   业主

The research of the ownership of underground parking place
Abstract
With the continuous development of society, the increase in motor vehicles ,the land is reducing, the contradiction between supply and demand of parking spaces for the increasingly apparent , the problem of parking place of commercial housing have disturbed every owner, in particular, the right of underground parking place of commercial housing has not have the most reasonable solution, But also Chinese "property rights" has been enacted, the underground parking authority also made the relevant requirements, but there is still lots of unreasonable idem, only through the continuous improvement of legislation , this issue can be the real solution. This paper describes from the following aspects: first , it introduced the general status of parking spaces and advise the important and necessary of soluving this problem earlier ; second, it introduce the major viewpoints about the confirmation of parking spaces ownership in the current academic, and use the theory of buildings distinction between ownership to discuss where the ownership of underground parking spaces owe to;Then introduced the relevant laws and regulations in every country ,and give advices to some side could make use of .for to make up for deficiencies in our laws, Finally, it appraised the "property rights" of the 74 and showed my own proposals. Entire article aimed at putting forward practical and theoretical basis for where the underground parking spaces belong to.

KEY  WORDS ：Underground parking spaces; Ownership; Property Rights Law;
                

目  录
摘   要…………………………………………………………………………III
Abstract …………………………………………………………………………IV
前  言………………………………………………………………………………1
一、商品房地下车位权属问题研究的必要性 …………………………………1
（一）人们对于地下停车场的产权问题认识很模糊，需要重视………1
（二）地下车位归属的研究可以促进有关法律的修改 …………………2
（三）矛盾日益激烈，急需有关部门采取相应措施 ……………………3
二、学术界关于地下车位归属的几种观点及分析……………………3
（一）建设成本分摊论 …………………………………………………………4
（二）建筑面积分摊论 ……………………………………………………………………4
（三）登记学说的观点 …………………………………………………………5
三、建筑物区分所有权的理论分析 ………………………………………5
（一）建筑物区分所有权理论的基本概述 …………………………………5
1一元论说………………………………………………………………………………5
2二元论说………………………………………………………………………………6
3.新一元论说………………………………………………………………………6
4.三元论说…………………………………………………………………………6
（二）商品房地下车位是否为专有权客体………………………………7
四、外国法及我国台湾地区法律的相关规定…………………………8
（一）美国法………………………………………………………………………8
（二）日本法………………………………………………………………………8
（三）我国台湾地区民法………………………………………………………9
五、《物权法》的立法现状及思考 ………………………………………9
（一）《物权法》第74条规定的不足之处 ………………………………10
（二）《物权法》第74条规定的立法建议 ………………………………10
1.明确各类型车库产权 ……………………………………………………………10
2.地下车位取得的收益应返还业主 ………………………………………………10
3.有条件的确认地下车位归业主所有 ……………………………………………11
4.完善产权登记制度 ………………………………………………………………11
(三)国外立法、台湾地区立法对我国的启示…………………………… 11
结    论  ………………………………………………………………………12
参考文献…………………………………………………………………………13
致    谢……………………………………………………………………………14

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