论刑罚功能的实现

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摘   要
     刑罚作为一切制裁手段中最为严厉、强制性最强的一种手段，其社会存在价值在于惩罚犯罪、预防犯罪，使之最终实现维护社会秩序、保护法益的最终职能。刑罚功能的实现直接决定着刑罚的社会存在价值。然而,现今我国《刑法》规定的刑罚制度在发挥其功能的同时，也在制定和适用上存在着一定的缺陷，影响刑罚功能的充分实现。刑罚既有积极作用也有消极作用，正如德国法学家椰林所说：刑罚如两刃之剑，用之不得其当，则国家与个人两受其害。如果能充分实现刑罚的功能，则能最大限度的发挥刑罚的有利作用。刑罚功能是刑罚理论体系的重要组成部分，笔者认为，刑罚的存在价值决定了刑罚设置必须有利于刑罚功能的实现，一切制刑、量刑和行刑的活动都应当以社会现状为基础，任何片面的轻刑论和重刑论都是不适合的。我们应当理性客观的对刑罚的不足进行改革，重点进行刑罚结构的改革，以确保刑罚的功能得以充分的实现，从而在最大程度上体现刑罚的社会的社会价值。
关键词：刑罚    刑罚的功能    刑罚功能的实现

On Realization of Penalty Functions
Abstract

Penalty is the most serious and mandatory means of punishment, its social value demonstrates in punishing crime behaviors as well as preventing crimes. In this way, it realizes the maintenance of social orders and protection of beneficial functions ultimately. what directly determine the social value of penalty are its functions However, the penal system of today’s “Criminal Law” of China has some defects, to some extent, in its formulation and apply, meanwhile, it gives play to its functions, which do some negative affects on the full realization of penalty functions. Penalty plays both a positive role and a negative role, just as a German jurist said: “Penalty is like a sword with two edges. If it is used in an inappropriate way, it will do something harm to both countries and individuals.” As long as people can fully realize the beneficial functions of penalty, they will develop its beneficial effect to the maximum extent. Penalty function is a significant component of theatrical system in penalty. From the author’s point of view, the value of penalty determines that penalty must be conducive to the realization of penalty functions. All punishment, sentence and execution need to be made on the basis of social status. On the other side, any unilateral light-sentence or heavy-sentence is unsuitable. Therefore, we need to reform the lack of penalty rationally and objectively and focus on the reform of penalty structures, only in this way can the function of penalty can be fully realized and the social value of penalty can be revealed to the maximum extent.

Key words: penalty  penalty functions   the realization of penalty functions

目   录
摘要……………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
关键词…………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………III
Key words…………………………………………………………………………………III
前言………………………………………………………………………………………………1
一、刑罚的概念…………………………………………………………………………1                   
二、刑罚的功能……………………………………………………………………………2         
（一）刑罚的功能概述……………………………………………………………………2

（二）刑罚功能的实现与社会发展形势的关系………………………………4
三、刑罚的功能与目的…………………………………………………………………6
（一）刑罚功能与刑罚目的的关系…………………………………………………6
（二）特殊预防和一般预防……………………………………………………………6
四、刑罚功能的实现……………………………………………………………………7
(一)刑罚结构的现状分析……………………………………………………………7
(二)刑罚功能的实现………………………………………………………………………8
(三）刑罚功能的实现对刑罚的意义………………………………………………11
结语……………………………………………………………………………………………12
参考文献……………………………………………………………………………13
致谢……………………………………………………………………………………………14

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