刑事诉讼证据开示程序的构建

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摘   要
     证据开示是指控辩双方在庭审前或审判过程，依照一定的程序和方式，相互之间开示各自控制或掌握的诉讼证据和与之有关资料的一种制度。它在促进实体公正、程序公正以及诉讼效率上都有积极的作用。正因为如此，不管是大陆法系国家，还是英美法系国家的刑事诉讼中都建立有一种证据开示制度，且有从单方开示向双方开示、开示范围不断扩大等趋势。我国现行刑事诉讼法虽然也有一些类似证据开示制度的规定，但却很不完整，也很不科学，导致在实践中存在诸多问题。之所以出现这种情况，这与我国重实体轻程序，重打击犯罪轻人权保障的诉讼观念有关，也与我国诉讼模式有关。我国应当根据双向开示、不对等开示等原则，构建具有中国特色的证据开示制度。其中，要尤其注意开示时间、开示地点、开示范围以及开示纠纷的解决等方面的构建。

关键词：刑事诉讼 证据开示 程序 构建

On the Construction of Evidence Discovery in Criminal Litigation
Abstract
Evidence discovery is a system which means before putting on trial or during the judging the accuser and the defense according to regular procedures and mode, each other shows lawsuit proof or related material they own mastered. It has played a great part in substantive justice procedural justice and litigation efficiency. As a result, both English-American Legal System Country and Continental Legal System Country have already established Evidence discovery system in Criminal procedure. What’s more, it exists an enlarging tendency from unilateral discovery to both sides discovery. So do the discovery scope. Current Criminal procedure law in our country exist similar regulations on criminal litigation. However, it is neither completed nor scientific. Consequently, it has brought about a great many problems in practice. What causes this situation? I think it is not only related to our country paying much attention to substantiality and punishing crime instead of procedure and human rights but also related to our country’s litigation mode. Our country ought to construct evidence discovery system which have a characteristic our own base on both two-way discovery and unequal discovery principles. Above all we should take notice of constructing on discovery time, discovery address, discovery range and solving of discovery dispute.

Key words: Criminal Litigation， Evidence Discovery，Procedure，Construct

目 录
摘要............................................................. I
Abstract ........................................................ II
前  言 .......................................................... 1
第一章  证据开示程序的功能 .......................................2
一、证据开示的概念........................................... ....2
二、证据开示的功能 ...............................................2
（一）证据开示与实体公正 .........................................2
（二） 证据开示与程序公正........................................ 3
（三）证据开示与诉讼效率 .........................................3
第二章  国外刑事证据开示程序的现状和发展趋势 .....................5
一、英美法系国家................................................  5
（一）美国......................................................  5
（二）英国 ...................................................... 5
二、大陆法系国家................................................  6
（一）德国 ...................................................... 6
（二）日本 ...................................................... 6
（三）俄罗斯联邦 ................................................ 7
三、异同及其原因分析 .............................................7
第三章  我国刑事证据开示程序的现状分析 ...........................10
一、我国证据开示制度的立法体现 ...................................10
二、存在的问题..................................................  11
（一）书面阅卷具有严重欠缺 .......................................11
（二）对被告人辩护权的影响 .......................................11
（三）对庭审过程的影响........................................... 12
（四）对诉讼效率的影响 ...........................................12
三、导致目前这种问题的原因分析................................... 13
（一）诉讼观念 .................................................. 13
（二）诉讼模式..................................................  13
第四章  构建具有中国特色的刑事证据开示程序 .......................15
一、建立刑事证据开示制度之原则 ...................................15
（一）双向开示原则 ...............................................15
（二）不对等开示原则 .............................................16
二、具有中国特色刑事证据开示程序的构建 ...........................17
（一）开示时间 .................................................. 17
（二）开示的地点................................................. 18
（三）开示的范围 .................................................18
（四）开示纠纷的处理 .............................................18
（五）开示程序的相关制度保障 .....................................19
结　论 .......................................................... 20
参考文献 ........................................................ 21
致谢............................................................ 22

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