机床床头箱的加工工艺分析与镗夹具的设计

文档编号:JX1524  文档字数:27899.页数:63  附CAD图，三维图，答辩PPT，工艺卡片

摘    要
 一个国家的是否强大，主要是看这个国家的工业是否发达。现在中国仍处在工业化中期。中国早在50年代初所处的国际局势下，选择了优先发展重工的道路重工业中的大多数产品由机床加工的。床头箱体是机床的基础件，通过它把机床主轴、零部件与机床联结在一起。床头箱箱体有精度高的平面和较多的孔系要加工，工序内容多工艺路线长，其加工质量在很大程度上决定着机床的装配精度与性能。在大中批量生产条件下，大量加工实例分析中看出，工艺方案考虑不周，加工路线设计不好，造成加工差错，工作量的成倍增加，制造成本上升。对机床床头箱体的工艺规程设计问题进行研究，对提高其使用效率和使用质量具有重大实际意义。机床床头箱工艺的分析采用工序分散、工序集中的原则来优化加工工艺的路线， 从而减少铣床和镗床夹具装卡的次数，减少了专用夹具的设计。使其在加工过程中有据可依并使其具有总结性的经验和理论根据。对其他的箱体加工工艺分析和夹具设计提供理论性的依据。

关键词：机床床头箱；工艺分析；夹具

The process study of processing and the design of boring jig for the Engine bed headstock

Abstract
 A country whether formidable, is mainly looked that this national industry to be whether developed. Now China still occupied the industrialization intermediate stage. China as early as located in the early 50s under the international situation, chose has given priority to the heavy industry in the path heavy industry majority products to process by the engine bed. The headstock body is engine bed's foundation, through it the engine bed main axle, the spare part and the engine bed joins in together. The headstock box body has the precision high plane and many Kong Xi must process, the working procedure content multi-craft route is long, its processing quality is deciding engine bed's assembly precision and the performance to a great extent. Under the major and medium volume production condition, processes in the example analysis to see massively, the craft plan consideration week, does not process the location not to be good, creates the processing mistake, work load increase doubled and re-doubled, the production cost rise. Conducts the research to the engine bed headstock body's technological process design question, to raises its use efficiency and the use quality has the significant practical significance. The engine bed headstock craft's analysis uses the working procedure to disperse, the working procedure centralized principle to optimize the processing craft the route, thus reduces the milling machine and the boring lathe jig installs the card the number of times, reduced unit clamp's design. Enables it to have in the processing process according to may depend on and enable it to have the summary experience and the theory basis. Provide the theoretical to other box body processing process study and the jig design basis.

Key Words：Engine bed headstock; Process study; Jig

 目    录

摘    要 I
Abstract II
一、床头箱的工艺分析 1
（一）床头箱的功用 1
（二）床头箱的技术要求 1
（三）审查床头箱的工艺性 4
1.审查零件图样 4
2.审查零件的结构工艺性。 4
二 床头箱的生产类型 5
（一） 确定床头箱的生产类型 5
三 、确定毛坯的种类和制造方法 6
（一）确定毛坯的种类 6
（二）毛坯制造方法的考虑因素 6
1.材料的工艺性能 6
2.毛坯的尺寸、形状和精度等级 6
3.零件的生产纲领 6
四、拟订床头箱的工艺路线 7
（一）定位基准的选择 7
1.精基准的选择 7
2.粗基准的选择 7
（二）表面加工方法的确定 7
（三）加工阶段的划分 10
1.粗加工阶段 10
2.半精加工阶段 10
3.精加工阶段 10
（四）工序的集中 10
（五）工序顺序的安排 11
1.机械加工工序 11
2.热处理工序 11
3.辅助工序 11
（六）加工工艺路线方案的比较 11
1.加工工艺路线方案的论证 13
（七）床头箱的主要面、孔工序尺寸及公差 15
五、机床设备及工艺装备的选用 17
（一）机床设备的选用 17
（二）工艺装备的选用 17
六、切削用量、时间定额的计算 18
（一）主要面和孔的切削用量的确定 18
1.工序1—粗铣顶面 18
2.工序2—粗铣后端面 18
3.工序3—铣底面 18
4.工序4—铣C面 20
6.工序6—粗镗Ⅵ孔系 22
7.工序7—粗镗Ⅳ孔系、Ⅴ孔系、Ⅲ孔系、Ⅱ孔系 23
8.工序8—粗镗Ⅰ孔系 27
9.工序9—粗镗Ⅹ孔系 27
10.工序10—半精镗Ⅵ孔系、Ⅸ孔系 28
11.工序11—半精镗Ⅳ孔系、Ⅴ孔系、Ⅲ孔系、Ⅱ孔系 29
12.工序12—半精镗Ⅰ孔系 31
13.工序13—半精镗Ⅹ孔系 32
14.工序14—精镗Ⅵ孔系 33
15.工序15—划线确定右端面Ⅷ孔系的1孔、Ⅶ孔系的2孔、Ⅺ孔、ⅩⅣ孔、1个、19个孔、1个的透孔。 33
16.工序16—钻、铰Ⅷ孔系的1孔、2孔 33
17.工序17—钻、铰Ⅶ孔系的2孔、1孔 34
18.工序18—钻、铰Ⅺ、ⅩⅣ孔 36
19.工序19—钻、攻丝右端面的螺纹孔。 37
20.工序20—钻、铰的透孔 38
21.工序21—划线确定左端面Ⅰ孔系的4孔，Ⅻ孔系的1孔，ⅩⅢ孔系的1孔。 39
22.工序22—钻、铰Ⅰ孔系的4、3孔, Ⅻ孔系的1、2孔，ⅩⅢ孔系的1、2孔 39
23.工序23—划线确定前端面的1、2、3、4、5、6孔 43
24.工序24—钻、铰前端面的1、2、3、4、5、6孔 43
（二）主要面和孔的时间定额的计算 45
七、镗夹具的设计 54
（一）确定镗床夹具与机床间的正确位置 54
（二）确定镗床夹具与床头箱的定位与夹紧 54
结    论 57
参 考 文 献 58
附录 59
致    谢 60

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