太阳能热水器控制器的设计

文档字数:12126,页数:33

摘要

 随着我国经济的飞速发展，能源短缺和环境破坏等问题凸现，以往的能源体系已远远不能满足工业和城市居民的需求。燃气价格的不断攀升使得许多家庭和单位选择可再生的新能源，其中太阳能作为首选，在燃气供给紧缺和提倡环保的背景下，太阳能正面临巨大的发展空间。目前太阳能最普遍的应用是太阳能热水器，但由于太阳能热水器是依靠太阳光加热的，而且加热速度慢，所以并不能像电热水器或者燃气热水器那样随时加热，水箱里面的水用完后，必须手工上水。特别是在冬天或者阴雨天，这个问题更加严重，严重阻碍了太阳能热水器的普及与发展。
 本设计主要解决了太阳能热水器上水不方便，阴雨天不能使用等难点，使用51单片机、DS18B20、DS1302、1602液晶、电磁阀等实现了上水智能控制，水温显示，水位显示，温度不足时智能加热，防干烧等功能。

关键词：智能控制，太阳能热水器，单片机，DS18B20，DS1302

ABSTRACT

 With the rapid development of China's economy, energy shortage, environmental damage and other issues are highlighted. The former energy system has already been far from being able to meet the needs of the industry and urban residents. The constant rising of the gas price makes many families and companies choose new renewable energy, including solar energy as the first choice. Solar energy is confronted with enormous room for development against the backdrop of  lacking gas supplies and encouraging environmental protection,. At present, solar energy is most widely applied in solar water heaters. However, solar water heaters rely on the sunlight to heat the water up and it heats the water up slowly, so it can’t heat anything up at any time like the electrical water heater or the gas water heater. After the water inside the water tank is used up, more water must be added to it by hand. This problem is more serious especially in winter or rainy days, which seriously hinders the popularization and development of the solar water heater.
 This design mainly settles the difficulties such as that it is not convenient to add the water to the solar water heater’s water tank and the solar water heater can’t be used in cloudy or rainy days. The use of 51 MCU, DS18B20, DS1302, 1602 LCD, solenoid valves and so on performs the functions such as controlling the water automatically, showing the water temperature and the water level, heating the water up automatically when the water temperature is not high enough and protecting the water from boiling away.
 
 Keywords: Intelligent control ,solar water heater, MCU,DS18B20，DS1302
目录
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 引言 1
1.1 背景 1
1.2 研究内容 1
第2章 硬件的选择与介绍 3
2.1 单片机的选择 3
2.1.1单片机的分类 3
2.1.2单片机的选择与介绍 3
2.2水位传感器的选择 4
2.3水温传感器的选择 5
2.4显示模块的选择 6
2.5时钟芯片的选择 6
第3章 系统的硬件设计 8
3.1系统的总体结构设计 8
3.2 单片机部分电路的设计 8
3.3 时钟芯片电路设计 11
3.4显示部分电路设计 12
3.5电磁阀部分电路设计 13
3.6加热棒部分电路设计 14
第4章 系统的PCB设计 15
4.1 PCB的设计步骤 15
4.2 本系统PCB设计 20
第5章 系统的程序设计 21
5.1系统的流程图设计 21
5.2水位检测程序设计 22
5.3上水处理程序设计 23
5.4手动加热程序设计 25
5.5智能加热程序设计 25
第6章 结束语 27
致谢 28
参考文献 29
附录 电路图 30

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