5010t双梁桥式起重机小车副起升机构设计

文档字数:16084,页数:28  附任务书，开题报告，实习报告，外文翻译

摘要
 桥式起重机是应用比较广泛的一种起重机械，也是消耗材料最多的一种起重机。它能驾驶在高空，能横扫整个厂房的建筑面积，因而广受欢迎，得到广泛应用。
 桥式起重机的起升机构是用来实现货物升降的,它是天车中最基本的机构。起升机构主要由驱动装置、传动装置、卷绕装置、取物装置及制动装置等组成。此外，根据需要还可装设各种辅助装置，如限位器、起重限制器、称重装置等。起升机构的构造是：电动机通过联轴器与减速的高速轴相连，而减速器的低速轴带动卷筒，将钢丝绳卷上或放下，经过吊钩组，使吊钩上升或下降。所以起升机构的设计要通过初选传动方案，滑轮组，吊钩组，卷筒组，钢丝绳，电机，联轴器，制动器，高速轴等部件，然后根据具体参数计算选取具体型号，最后验算无误才可完成。
 本起重机为50/10t双梁桥式起重机，用于工厂车间吊运物品，本课题主要对50/10t双梁桥式起重机小车副起升机构进行总体设计。要求起重机械运行平稳，定位准确，安全可靠，技术性能先进。本设计采用闭式传动，为安全计，带制动轮的半齿联轴器和制动器应靠近减速器，这样万一浮动轴被扭断，制动器仍可以制动住卷筒。
 本文简要地介绍了50/10t双梁桥式起重机的性能、结构、发展状况等，并参照《起重机设计规范》(GB3811-83)及《起重机设计手册》对起重机起升机构及其零部件进行设计计算，从方案论证到具体设计计算，充分发挥了计算机在整体设计中的作用，从而提高了设计质量、缩短了设计周期，提高了工作效率。
关键词  桥式起重机；起升机构；传动方案；部件

Abstract
 The bridge-type hoist crane is the application quite widespread one kind of hoisting machinery, is also consumable material most one kind of hoist cranes It can drive in the upper air, can sweep away the entire workshop the floor space, thus, obtains the widespread application.
 The bridge-type hoist crane's hoisting mechanism is uses for to realize the cargo fluctuation, it is in the overhead traveling crane the most basic mechanism.The hoisting mechanism mainly by the drive, the transmission device, the coiling installment, takes the installment and the arresting gear and so on is composed. In addition, according to needs also to be possible to install each kind of auxiliary unit, like the limitator, lifts heavy objects the killer, the weighing installment and so on. Hoisting mechanism's structure is: The electric motor is connected through the shaft coupling and the deceleration high speed axis, but reduction gear's slow speed shaft leads the reel, or lays down the steel wire volume, after the lift hook group, causes the lift hook to rise or the drop. Therefore hoisting mechanism's design must through the primary election transmission plan, the block and tackle, the lift hook group, the reel group, the steel wire, the electrical machinery, the shaft coupling, the brake, parts and so on high speed axis, then the basis concrete parameter computation selection concrete model, the checking calculation unmistakable only then be possible to complete finally.
 This carne is a kind of 50/10t bridge carnes. It uses in the factory workshop lifting the goods, This topic mainly vice-rises the organization to the 50/10t double beam bridge type hoist crane machine car to carry on the system design. The carne is required to be stables, high accuracy, safety, reliability and advanced technology. This design uses the closed transmission. For the sake of safety, the tape stopping round half gear shaft coupling and the brake should approach the reduction gear, floats the moving axis to wrench apart like this accidentally, the brake still might apply the brake to live in the reel.
 This text briefly introduce the carne’s capability, structure, the actuality of development, and so on, referring to “Design criterion of carne” (GB3811-83) and design and calculate of the hoisting mechanism and its accessory in “Design handbook of carne”. From scheme demonstrating to designing and calculating, it takes full advantage of the computer in the whole design to raise the quality of the design, cut the cycle of the design, improve the work efficiency
Keywords  Bridge-type hoist crane   Hoisting mechanism  Transmission plan  Components

 目       录
1 绪论 1
1.1 选题的意义 1
1.2 本课题的研究目的 2
1.3 桥式起重机的研究现状 2
1.3.1 重点产品大型化，高速化和专用化 2
1.3.2 系列产品模块化、组合化和标准化 2
1.3.3 通用产品小型化、轻型化和多样化 3
1.3.4 产品性能自动化、智能化和数字化 3
1.3.5 成套化、集成化和柔性化 3
1.3.6 产品构造新型化、美观化和实用化 4
1.4 桥式起重机的分类 5
1.5 起升机构的介绍 6
1.6 本课题的主要技术参数 6
2 传动方案的确定 7
2.1 传动方案的分类 7
3 起升机构各部件的选择计算 9
3.1 吊钩组的选择 9
3.1.1 吊钩组的组成及分类 9
3.1.2 选择吊钩组 10
3.2 钢丝绳的选择 10
3.2.1 钢丝绳的构造及分类 11
3.2.2 钢丝绳的计算 11
3.3 滑轮组的选用 12
3.3.1 轮组的定义及分类 12
3.3.2 滑轮组的初步选定 12
3.3.3 滑轮组倍率的确定 12
3.3.4 滑轮最小直径的确定 13
3.4 卷筒组的选择 13
3.4.1 卷筒的作用及分类 13
3.4.2 卷筒的参数计算 14
3.5 根据静功率初选电动机 15
3.6 减速器选择 15
3.6.1 减速器概述 15
3.6.2 减速器选型计算 15
3.7 制动器的选择 16
3.7.1 制动器的简介 16
3.7.2 制动器的选型计算 18
3.8 联轴器的选择 18
3.8.1 联轴器的分类及特性 18
3.8.2 联轴器的选型计算 18
3.9 制动时间的验算 19
3.10 起动时间的验算 19
3.11 电动机发热验算 20
3.12 高速浮动轴的验算 20
结论 21
致谢 23
参考文献 24
附录 25
附录一 25

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