基坑监测技术在深基坑中的应用

^论文编号:TM042 ^论文字数:9885,页数:26,附PPT

基坑监测技术在深基坑中的应用
  [摘 要] 随着城市建设的发展，各地市区中心地带的地价日趋昂贵，向空中求发展、向地下深层要土地便成了建筑商追求经济效益的常用手段。在深圳、广州、东莞等地基坑施工的开挖深度越来越深，从最初的四到八米发展到目前最深已达二十多米。由于地下土体性质、荷载条件、施工环境的复杂性，单单根据地质勘察资料和室内土工试验参数来确定设计和施工方案，往往含有许多不确定因素，尤其是对于复杂的大中型工程或环境要求严格的项目，对在施工过程中引发的土体性状、环境、邻近建筑物、地下设施变化的监测已成了工程建设必不可少的重要环节。当前，基坑监测与工程的设计、施工同被列为深基坑工程质量保证的三大基本要素。 1wBmDEhS  r(JP&基坑监测必然成为深基坑质量、安全保证的关键，是工程建设必不可少的重要环节。

 [Abstract ] With the development of urban construction, the price of land in all the urban centers has become increasingly expensive. Seeking more space in the air and to the deeper underground has become the builder’s common means of pursuing economic benefit. In Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Dongguan and other places, the excavation of the depth of foundation pit is becoming deeper and deeper, from the initial 4-8 meters to more than 20 meters now. Due to the nature of the underground soil, loading conditions, the complexity of the construction environment, there are often many uncertainties while choosing the programs of design and construction solely based on the information of geological survey and the parameters of geotechnical test, especially to those large and medium-sized complex constructions or those strict environmental requirement project. The monitoring of the deformation of soil properties, the environment, the buildings nearby and the underground facilities has become the essential process in the project construction. At present, the foundation pit monitoring, project designing, constructing are classified as the three essential factors. The foundation pit monitoring will surely be the key to ensure the quality of deep foundation pit and safety, and an important part of the project construction.  
 
目         录
摘 要…………………………………………………………………5
关键词……………………………………………………………… 6
第一章 深基坑监测的意义…………………………………………7
第二章 深基坑监测的内容…………………………………………8
2.1深基坑的围护结构形式…………………………………………… 8
2.2基坑监测内容………………………………………………………8
第三章 监测点的布置与埋设………………………………………9
3.1一级位移监测基准点的建立………………………………………………9
3.2场内二级基准点的埋设……………………………………………………9
3.3基坑顶部位移观测点的布设 ……………………………………………10
3.4测斜管的埋设 ……………………………………………………………10
3.5水位点的埋设 ……………………………………………………………11
3.6磁性沉降标的埋设 …wvA
@\-.+ Khxl 'qj ……………………………………………………11
3.7土压力计和孔隙水压力计埋设 …………………………………………11
3.8应力计的埋设 ……………………………………………………………12
第四章 现场监测方法及工作的一些注意事项 …………………13
4.1基坑监测的频率…………………………………………………………13
4.2基坑位移观测……………………………………………………………13
4.3磁性沉降标的测量………………………………………………………13
4.4测斜仪的测量……………………………………………………………13
4.5地下水位观测……………………………………………………………14
4.6应力计的测量……………………………………………………………14
4.7邻近建筑物、地下管线及道路沉降测量………………………………14
4.8监控报警值的确定原则…………………………………………………15
4.9沉降观测自始至终要遵循“五定”原则………………………………15
第五章 基坑监测中存在的常见问题 ……………………………16
第六章 深基坑技术的发展趋势 …………………………………19
第七章 结论 ………………………………………………………20
参考文献……………………………………………………………21

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