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文档编号:YS030 文档字数:11113.页数:26 摘要：纸张是一种经过专门加工后，由极为纤细的小纤维相互牢牢交织起来的纤维薄层所形成的薄膜物质。就纸张而言，它的基本组成不是别的，正是植物纤维。从广义来讲，任何含有纤维的植物均可以作造纸的原料，然而并不是自然界的一切植物全可用来制造纸张。就目前而论，用于造纸的植物纤维还是有限的，这是因为作为造纸原料的植物纤维，必须具备如下条件：(1)植物纤维必须在制浆时易于离解；（2）植物纤维的纤维素含量要高，木质素等含量要少；（3）合乎要求的强度和韧性；（4）资源丰富，成本较低等条件。然而仅用植物纤维相互交织形成的纸张，存在着密度分布不均匀、表面不平整、吸水极强等问题，不能在印刷中使用。为了克服这些弊病，在制造印刷用纸和文化用纸时必须加入适量的助剂如填料、胶料和色料，才能使纸张达到一定的性能指标和质量要求。如要改进纸张的平滑度和不透明度，需要在纸浆中加用填料；为了使纸张具有抗水性能，必须对纸浆进行施胶；抄制白色纸张时，往往要加用少量染料，必要时还可加用增白剂等等。本文研究了填料、胶料对纸张性能的影响：表面施胶对纸张抗水能力、油渗性、可擦性和强度的影响；加填对纸张白度、不透明度、平滑度、强度、松厚度和挺度的影响。
Abstract:Paper is a specially processed by the extremely thin small fibers intertwined with each other firmly by the formation of thin-fiber thin-film material. On paper, it is none other than the basic composition, it is vegetable fiber. In broad terms, any plant with fiber all the raw materials can be used for paper, but not all plants in nature can be used to manufacture paper-wide. On the current terms of the plant fiber used in papermaking or limited, this is because as the paper-making plant fiber raw materials, must have the following conditions: (1) plant fiber pulping must facilitate dissociation; (2) plant fiber higher content of cellulose, lignin content, such as less; (3) meet the requirements of strength and toughness; (4) is rich in resources, lower cost and other factors. However, only the formation of cross-cutting plant fiber paper, there is a non-uniform density distribution, the surface is not smooth, highly absorbent and so on, can not be used in the printing. In order to overcome these drawbacks, in the manufacture of printing paper and paper when the culture by adding an appropriate amount of additive must be such as packing, plastic material and pigment to make the paper to achieve a certain degree of performance indicators and quality requirements. To improve the smoothness of paper and non-transparency, the need to increase use of paper pulp filler; In order to make the paper water-resistant performance, must be carried out on pulp size; white copy paper system, they often have to add a small amount of dye used, if necessary, brightener, etc. can be added. In this paper packing, plastic material properties of paper: anti-surface sizing of paper capacity, the oil permeability, can be rubbed and strength; loading paper whiteness, opacity, smoothness, strength, song thickness and the effects of stiffness. 目 录
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| Tags：纸张 助剂 性能 影响 | 2011-03-26 17:29:23【返回顶部】 |
