百年战争对英国发展的历史意义

文档编号:YY490  文档字数:6272.页数:19

Abstract: The hundred years’ war between England and France is extended from 1337 to 1453, the end of the war is considered to be one of the signs of closing the Middle Ages. The war brought heavy tragedies to England and French people. It also caused heavy losses to both countries. However, through the study on this period of history, people are going to see not only how the war was played, but also the influence of the war that accelerated the making the modern France and brought England a great change. As to England, the war consolidated the dominant positions of feudal nobles and knight's class of the country temporarily. Thus it delayed the process of the concentration of political power in England. And it also exerted a far-reaching influence on the national pattern which England would take in the future. This paper tries to give the narration of the sequence of the war affairs relevant to historical facts systematically, and find out some meaningful interpretations out of the historical facts so as to bring out a basic understanding of the war between France and England and the recognition of its historical interest to England.
 Key Words: The Hundred Years' War; England; history
 
摘  要：英法百年战争从1337年延续到1453年，其结束之年也被认为是中世纪结束的标志之一。战争英国和法国人民带来了深重的灾难，也给两国经济造成了很大的损失。但是，通过对历史的研究，人们不难发现这场战争对加速法兰西近代民族国家的形成起了很大作用，对英国而言，百年战争暂时巩固了封建贵族阶级和骑士阶级的统治地位，从而延缓了国家权力集中的进程，对英国形成日后的国家格局和走怎样的发展道路产生了深远的影响。
本文通过对相关的历史史实的较为系统的整理和阐述，理清历史事实的脉络，并对战争给两国，特别是对英国在政治上、军事上和社会思想上所造成的的影响作出基本的评价。

关键词：百年战争；英格兰；历史

CONTENTS
 
Introduction 1
1. Background 1
2. The Reasons for the Hundred Years' War 3
2.1 Political Reason 3
2.2 Land Reason 4
2.3 Economic Reason 4
3. The Course of the Hundred Years' War 5
3.1 The First Phase of the Hundred Years' War: 1337–1360 5
3.2 The Second Phase of the Hundred Years' War: 1369-1389 8
3.3 The Third Phase of the Hundred Years' War: 1415-1429 9
3.4 The Fourth Phase of the Hundred Years' War: 1429-1453 10
4. The Influences of the Hundred Years' War 11
4.1 Influence on Politics 11
4.2 Influence on Military 12
4.3 Influence on Society 13

5. Conclusion  13
Bibliography

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