基于串行网络的电机控制系统设计

文档编号:ZD1032    文档字数:12940,页数:49

摘  要

 随着单片机技术的发展和串行通信技术的广泛运用，基于串行通信接口标准，PC机与单片机组成的控制系统正被普遍研究并投入使用。在RS-232标准的基础上，出现了许多其他的通信接口标准。在工业控制领域，RS-485已成为一种重要的通信手段。在实际应用中，RS-485标准表现出其良好的优越性和稳定性。本文以直流并励电机作为控制对象，以“51”系列单片机作为控制核心，基于RS-485总线，通过设计的上位机人机界面控制并显示下位机的工作状态， 下位机具备操作和显示功能，能完成与上位机的数据传输。整个系统的关键部分为上位机与下位机的通信，数据传输采用CRC校验。在系统可以广泛用于工厂生产中，该系统由主机和多台有单片机控制的从机连接，操作人员可以通过对主机的操作可以控制所有的从机运作，亦可对某个从机操作，主机显示。从而达到“集中控制、独立操作”的目的。这样可以大大减少人力劳动，加大生产中自动化程度。通过研究，完成该系统的整体设计，系统能够实现数据正确传输，实现上位机对下位机的控制。

关键词：串行通信、CRC 、直流电机
Abstract

Along with the development of technology and the serial communication technology is widely used, based on serial communication interface standards, PC and MCU control system is composed by general research and put into use. Based on RS - 232 standards, and on the basis of many other communication interface standards. In the field of industrial control, RS - 485 has become an important means of communication. In practice, RS - 485 criteria displays its good stability and superiority. Taking dc motor control and excitation, with "51" series microcontroller as control core, based on RS - 485 bus, through the design of the PC and man-machine interface control machine working condition, the machine with operation and display function, can complete the data transmission and superordination machine. A key part of the whole system for the PC and the communication, data transmission using CRC checksum. In the system can be used in the factory, the system is more by host and single-chip microcomputer control, the link from the operator can through to host the operation can control all from the machine operation, also from the machine operation, to a host. To achieve "centralized control, independent operation. This can significantly reduce manpower labor, increase production automation degree. Through the study of this system, overall design, the system can realize data transmission, right of PC machine control

Keywords: serial communication, CRC ,DC

目    录
摘  要 I
Abstract II
1. 绪论 1
1.1  背景 1
1.2  研究内容 1
2. 设计方案 2
2.1  系统总体硬件结构 2
2.2  系统总体软件结构 3
3. 电路设计 4
3.1  通信接口 4
3.1.1  RS-232标准 4
3.1.2  RS-485标准 4
3.2  硬件电路 5
3.2.1  下位机硬件电路 5
3.2.2  单片机控制电路 5
3.2.3  电平转换电路 8
3.2.4  D/A转换电路 10
3.2.5  电源电路 11
4. 软件设计 13
4.1  CRC校验 13
4.1.1  CRC校验介绍 13
4.1.2  CRC校验算法 14
4.1.3  CRC的软件实现 14
4.2  通信协议 19
4.3  下位机软件设计 19
4.3.1  下位机数据发送格式 19
4.3.2  下位机通信程序流程 20
4.4  上位机软件设计 21
4.4.1  VB及通信控件介绍 21
4.4.2  上位机数据发送格式 22
4.4.3  上位机通信程序流程 23
5. 调试 24
5.1  硬件调试 24
5.2  软件调试 24
6. 结论 25
致 谢 26
参考文献 27
附录1  系统原理图及实物图 28
附录2  上位机人机界面 29
附录3  下位机及上位机程序代码 30

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