家庭防盗报警系统

文档编号:ZD1042    文档字数:18977,页数:43

摘  要
 随着现代化建设的飞速发展以及人民生活水平的不断提高，人们对其住宅的要求也越来越高，表现在不仅希望居室温馨、舒适，而且对其安全性、智能化方面也提出了更高的要求。另一方面，随着超大规模集成电路、通信技术、单片机技术的迅猛发展，利用单片机及其它外围芯片实现自动报警己成为可能，而且是一种发展趋势。它不仅有体积小、安装方便、功能较齐全等优点，而且有很高的性价比，因此应用前景广泛。
 本文介绍了一种操作方便、运行可靠的家庭型智能报警系统。它用于防范盗贼入侵，可实现自动检测和自动报警。自动检测是指由各种复合式探测器或传感器实现对住宅的各种模拟信号（人体发出的红外信号、人引起的振动信号等等）进行自动监测，复合式传感器的应用使得系统可靠性更强。当传感器检测到异常情况，马上产生一个信号给单片机。单片机根据报警信号做出报警处理。
 本文档从硬件和软件两方面对该系统进行了详细的分析。详细介绍了核心芯片的选型，外围电路的连接，芯片与芯片之间的连接电路，程序设计方法和相应的软件，并给出了关键软件的程序源代码。

关键词：报警系统   单片机   传感器

Abstract
 With the rapid development of modernization and great improvement of people's living, the need of house has been changed from only the living space to multiform needs of high-quality, mufti-function safety, intelligence and so on. On the other hand, With the dramatic development of VLSI(very large-scale integrated circuit),the
telecommunication technology and MCU (micro-control unit) it is possible to set alarm automatically by micro-controller and other chips, which becomes a kind of trend. Because it is small and convenient to install and the ratio of performance and cost is high, it will have a bright future.
 A kind of easy to use, reliable intelligent safe-proof alarm system for residential area is introduced .It has the functions of theft-proof. The Infrared sensor and Vibration sensor combined are used for theft-proof so as to realize automatic detection. Multi-sensors make the least false alarm and enhance the reliability of system. When the sensors detect any off normal signal, an interrupt request is sent to the MCU. Immediately the MCU control the circuit to alarm.
 This dissertation describes the design of hardware and software of the alarm in
detail, in which selecting suitable chips, periphery circuit, chips interface, and the
methodology of program are discussed .More over, the key program is described.

Key words: alarm system  MCU  sensor

目录
摘  要  Ⅰ
Abstract ………………………………………………………………………………………. Ⅱ
目录    ……………………………………………………………………………………….. III
1  绪论 ………………………………………………………………………………………….1
1.1 序言………………………………………………………………………………………… .1
1.1.1 防盗报警系统的构成 …………………………………………………………………….1
1.1.2 防盗报警器的分类 …………………………………………………………………….2
1.1.3 防盗报警系统在国内外的发展 ………………………………………………………….3
1.1.4 防盗报警器的发展前景与趋势 ………………………………………………………….4
1.2 设计要求与研究内容 …………………………………………………………………….5
1.2.2 研究内容 ……………………………………………………………………………….5
2  系统相关技术理论 ……………………………………………………………7
2.1 系统的功能要求 ………………………………………………………………………….7
2.2 总体的设计方案 ………………………………………………………………………….7
2.3 系统的相关技术 ………………………………………………………………………….8
2.3.1 单片机技术 ……………………………………………………………………………….8
2.3.2 传感器技术 ………………………………………………………………………………12
3  报警器硬件设计 …………………………………………………………………………16
3.1 电源电路 ……………………………………………………………………………………16
3.2 主机电路设计……………………………………………………………………………….16
3.2.3 键盘电路 ………………………………………………………………………………20
3.3 数码显示电路的设计 ……………………………………………………………………22
3.3.1 数码管的工作原理 ……………………………………………………………………22
3.4 蜂鸣器电路 ………………………………………………………………………………24
3.5 用户端探测器设计 …………………………………………………………………………24
3.5.1 热释电红外探测器电路设计 ……………………........................................................25
3.5.2 振动位移传感器电路设计 ………………………………………………………………26
4  报警器软件设计 …………………………………………………………………………28
4.1 程序语言设计 ………………………………………………………………………………28
4.1.1 程序语言的分类 …………………………………………………………………………28
4.1.2 单片机汇编语言程序设计的基本步骤 ………………………………………………29
4.1.3 汇编语言程序设计方法 ………………………………………………………………30
4.2 报警系统的程序设计 ……………………………………………………………………30
4.2.1 主程序设计 ………………………………………………………………………………30
4.2.2 扫键程序设计 …………………………………………………………………………31
5  总结 ……………………………………………………………………………...33
5.1 结论 …………………………………………………………………………………………33
5.2 展望 …………………………………………………………………………………………33
参考文献 ……………………………………………………………………………………36
附录一：电路原理图 …………………………………………………………...37
附录二：汇编程序 …………………………………………………………………………38

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