三相电缺相相序欠压保护器的设计

文档编号:ZD1091    文档字数:13332,页数:49

摘要

 科学技术突飞猛进的今天，生产力不断的发展，三相电在工业生产中起到了至关重要的作用。尤其在一些电机和大功率设备上运用的比较普遍，然而在工矿、企业和农村，三相电动机因故烧毁损坏的现象很多，主要原因是因为三相电的缺相，错相，欠压而引起的。本文涉及的三相电保护继电器就是通过检测三相电是否有缺相，错相，欠压等问题来对电机进行及时的保护，从而最大限度的减少经济损失。本文在分析了目前国内外电动机保护器的研究进展与现状的基础上，设计了一种以PIC12F675单片机为控制核心，集断相、错相和欠压等故障保护于一体的多功能三相电机保护继电器。
 本文首先对电动机的断相、错相欠压等常见电气故障进行了详细分析，并结合PIC12F675单片机的功能特点，提出了可靠性高、实施性强的故障保护实现方法。本系统采用变压器降压的方法来给芯片提供稳定，可靠的电源。并是通过发光二级管来反馈给使用者信息。
 根据文中提出的各类故障保护实现方法，设计并实现了电动机保护装置完整的硬件电路，给出了保护装置完整的系统软件实现方案。
 
 
关键词：三相电，电机，芯片，保护继电器
  
Abstract

 Today science and technology advances, productivity continues to develop, three-phase electricity in industrial production has played a crucial role. In particular, some motor and high power devices use the more common, but in industrial, enterprise and rural areas, three-phase motor for some reason the phenomenon of burning a lot of damage, mainly because of lack of three-phase power phase-phase, undervoltage and caused. This involves the three-phase power protection relay is by detecting whether the lack of three-phase power phase-phase, voltage and other issues to the protection of the motor in a timely manner to minimize economic losses. Based on the analysis of the motor protection device at home and abroad and present research based on the design of a PIC12F675 microcontroller to control the core, set off phase,-phase and undervoltage fault protection and other multifunctional three-phase motor protection relay.
 This article first phase off the motor, and other common-phase-voltage electrical faults are analyzed in detail, combined with PIC12F675 MCU features, presented high reliability, the failure to implement strong protection of realization. The system uses the method of step-down transformer to the chip to provide a stable, reliable power. And through the LED to feedback to the user information. .
 According to the text proposed by the various types of fault protection implementation methods, design and implementation of a complete motor protection hardware, protection devices are given a complete system software solution.
Key word: Three-phase power,motor,chip, protcetion relay

目录
摘要 II
Abstract III
1  绪论 1
1.1  课题的提出依据和意义 1
1.2  三相电动机保护技术的发展及其研究现状 2
1.3  三相电的介绍 5
1.4  本文研究的主要内容 6
2  系统的硬件电路设计 7
2.1  电源模块设计 7
2.1.1  变压器 8
2.1.2  三端稳压器7805 9
2.2  电压采样及其调理电路设计 10
2.3  单片机（PIC12F877）接口电路设计 13
3  三相电保护器的软件设计 15
3.1  主程序的设计 15
3.2  工作状态的程序设计 15
3.3  AD采样子程序 20
4  电路板的制作 23
4.1  产品的元器件清单 23
4.2  制作电路板的过程 24
5  系统抗干扰设计 25
5.1  RC低通滤波器设计 25
5.2  隔离抗干扰技术 25
5. 3  印刷电路板抗干扰措施 26
6  总结 27
主要参考文献： 28
附录1  系统原理图，实物图及PCB图： 29
附录2 软件程序清单： 32

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