单台电梯PLC控制系统的总体设计

文档编号:ZD311  文档字数:19287,页数:49  有外文翻译

 摘 要
 电梯是标志现代物质文明的垂直运输工具、是机—电一体化的复杂运输设备。它涉及电子技术、机械工程、电力电子技术、微机技术、电力拖动系统和土建工程等多个科学领域。目前电梯的生产情况和使用数量已成为一个国家现代化程度的标志之一。
 本次设计主要将可编程序控制器（PLC）和计算机应用到电梯的控制系统中去，以五层电梯为例来完成单台电梯PLC控制系统的总体设计方案、组成及模块化程序设计。通过三菱FX2N与计算机通信来实现对电梯系统运行的控制。首先确定电梯类型为客货两用梯，电梯载重量为1000千克，梯速为1.5米/秒，曳引电动机的转速为1000转/秒；再根据串联阻抗前后电动机的机械特性，选择合适的电梯速度控制曲线，实现电梯的交流调速；其次是电梯运行控制部分设计，包括轿厢门控制电路、平层控制电路、显示电路、集选控制电路、电梯消防运行回路；输入口计算点为58，输出口计算点数为35，选用三菱FX2-80MRPLC型的PLC，并进行了外围接线设计；最后进行软件编程。
 
关键词：电梯；交流调速；PLC
  
 
 
 Abstract
Elevator is in close connection with the machinery of large-scale electrical machinery and electronic products. Mainly by the room, Wells Road, Car, door systems and electrical control system. Accompanied by the development of the construction industry, to provide for the construction of the elevator up and down traffic and transport industries are developing rapidly. Elevator is not only an important link in the production of equipment, but also a life of work and the necessary equipment, can be expected that, with the development of society, elevator products in people's material and cultural life and the car will be has become one of the important transportation equipment. The design mainly PLC (PLC) and computer application to the elevator control system, and to five-story elevator as an example to complete a single lift PLC program control system design, composition and modular program design . Mitsubishi FX2N through computer communications and to achieve operation of the elevator control system. Selection of Mitsubishi FX2N PLC, the use of 220V AC power for the pressure. PLC in the I / O interface distribution, code-named after the combination with and to determine a variety of soft-in relays, data areas, access code, commonly used commands, such as the preparation of rules and code. Choose the exchange of two-speed motor to achieve the lift and drag, the use of floor sensors to achieve inter-floor flip; display driver circuit using light emitting diode LED display screen body composition. Focus on the safety of PLC control circuitry, level control circuit, the design of gate switch and door switch to start the procedure, uplink downlink procedures, floor control procedures, automatic procedures for the preparation of orientation. PLC elevator control system only needs a little improvement can be applied to more high-performance requirements of the elevator. All this indicates that the series PLC is not only high reliability to meet the elevator on the actual needs, but also in the control and performance can replace similar imported products, and application of breakthroughs in the field of elevator to a wider range of industries, the future will be more for the broad.

Key words：PLC; Elevator; Logical control; Programming目 录
 
 第1章 绪 论 1
1.1 电梯的概述 1
 1.1.1 电梯的发展简史 1
 1.1.2 电梯的分类 1
 1.1.3 电梯的主要组成部分 2
 1.1.4 电梯变频调速控制的特点 3
1.2 电梯控制系统的组成 4
 第2章 总体方案论证 5
2.1 PLC五层电梯模型 5
2.2 可编程序控制器的工作方式及编程语言 6
2.3 PLC单台电梯控制系统功能介绍 8
2.4可编程序控制器与继电器、微机在电梯控制中的应用比较 9
2.5 电梯控制系统实现的功能 10
 第3章 硬件系统的设计 11
3.1 曳引机构及传感器的选择 11
 3.1.1 曳引机构的选择 11
 3.1.2 超载传感器的选择 11
3.2可编程控制器的认识 12
3.3 变频器的选择及参数设定 14
 3.3.1变频器的选择 14
3.3.2 616G5型变频器的标准规格 15
 3.3.3 变频器的参数设置 16
 3.3.4变频器自学习功能的应用方法 17
 3.3.5变频器容量计算 17
 3.3.6变频器制动电阻参数的计算 17
 3.3.7速度给定曲线 18
 3.3.8减速及平层控制 18
3.4具体硬件电路的设计 19
 3.4.1内指令外召唤按钮电路 19
 3.4.2安全保护电路 19
 3.4.3编码器 19
 3.4.4其他输入 20
 3.4.5开关门、抱闸电路及其控制电路 20
 3.4.6对变频器、门机的控制电路 21
 3.4.7 主回路 21
3.5 PLC控制/供电系统的设计 22
 第4章 PLC扩展模块的选择及I/O口的分配 24
4.1 PLC扩展模块的选择 24
4.2 I/O口的分配 24
4.3 PLC I/O硬件连接 28
 第5章 软件设计 30
5.1召唤信号响应及清除功能 30
5.2自动定向功能 32
5.3停站控制功能 33
5.4厅外开门功能 35
 第6章 结 论 41
 参考文献 42
 致 谢 43
 附录Ⅰ 外文及原文 44
 附录Ⅱ 总电路图 51
 附录Ⅲ 程序梯形图 52

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