液位PID控制系统设计

摘要

    随着现代科技的发展电子信息时代的进步。国家工业的迅速发展，液位控制系统被广泛运用到石油、化工等各个行业。液位控制系统是以液位为控制参数的控制系统。有很多地方需要对容器的介质进行控制，使之高精度地保持在给定数值，液位控制一般指对某一液位进行控制和调节，使其达到所要求的控制精度，液体的液位自动控制是近年来的一项新技术，它是微型计算机软件、硬件、自动控制等几项技术的紧密合作的产物。在工农业生产过程中，经常需要对水位进行测量和控制。

本文档的目的是设计双容水箱液位串级控制系统.计首先对被控对象的模型进行分析，并采用实验建模法求取模型的传递函数。其次，设计PID控制器，在 Matlab/Simulink 环境下建立双容水箱控制的仿真模型，对PID控制算法进行仿真研究，通过仿真实验，证明该设计方法可行性和该算法的正确性。

关键词: 双容水箱, 实验法建模, PID 控制

Abstract

    With the development of modern science and technology progress of electronic information era. The rapid development of national industry, liquid level control system is widely applied to petroleum, chemical and other industries. Liquid level control system based on liquid level control parameters of control system. There are many places need to control the container medium, to keep the accuracy of the given value, liquid level control usually refers to a certain level to control and adjust, make it reach the required control precision, liquid level automatic control is a new technology in recent years, it is a miniature computer software, hardware, several technologies such as automatic control of the product of close cooperation. In the process of industrial and agricultural production, often need to measure and control of water level.

The purpose of this paper is to design the double let water tank liquid level cascade control system. Plan the first analysis of the model of the controlled object, and USES the experimental modeling method to calculate the transfer function of the model. Secondly, PID controller is designed, under the environment of Matlab/Simulink to establish double let water tank control simulation model, simulation results of PID control algorithm, through simulation experiment, proves that the design method is feasibility and correctness of the algorithm is correct.

Keywords: double let water tank, the experiment method of modeling, PID control

目 录

摘要 III

Abstract IV

第一章 绪论 7

1.1课题提出背景 7

1.2 国内外研究现状 8

1.2.1 国外研究现状 8

1.2.2  国内研究现状 9

1.3 控制理论的发展 10

1.4本章小结 11

第二章 单容水箱液位控制系统建模 13

2.1水箱液位控制系统简介 13

2.2 液位控制的实现 13

2.3单容水箱建模 14

2.4 双容水箱建模 16

2.4.1双容水箱数学模型 16

2.4.2 双容水箱系统模型的参数辨识 17

第三章 液位控制系统中的PID算法和控制 18

3.1 PID控制器的应用与发展 18

3.2 PID的内容 19

3.3 PID控制组成 20

3.4 调节器PID整定 21

第四章 MALAB /Smilink仿真 22

4.1 MATLAB 简介 22

4.1.1优势特点 22

4.1.2系统结构 23

4.2 Simlink 简介 24

4.3 单容水箱仿真 24

4.4 双容水箱仿真 26

第五章 全文总结 34

参考文献 35

致 谢 36

毕业设计小结 37