基于单片机的电子琴的设计

文档编号:ZD654    文档字数:6614,页数:23

 摘要
 随着科技的快速发展，单片机的应用日益普遍。目前，MCS-51系列的8051单片机也在工业检测领域中得到了广泛的应用，本单片机系统设计应用单片机控制技术，以51单片机为核心根据上学期所学的单片机知识结合设计了一套单片机控制的电子琴系统。该系统大部分软硬件可以被软件程序柔化取代，电路简洁、操作方便、性能良好
 乐音实际上是有固定周期的信号。首先扩展一组小键盘(本设计以4×4 键盘为例,可按需要扩展),本按键为触发式常开按键。按键的输入信号通过AT89C51的P1口输入送给AT89C51一个定时器(如T1)控制,在P3.4脚上输出方波周期信号,再通过一片LM324（最好用LM368）做音频小功放放大输出的信号最后送到扬声器（本设计才用单片机实验箱上的蜂鸣器）发出音乐。
 
关键词：AT89C51；LM324；矩阵键盘行扫描；电子琴

Abstract

 Along with the technical fast development, monolithic integrated circuit's application is day by day common. At present, the MCS-51 series's 8051 monolithic integrated circuits also obtained the widespread application in the industry examination domain, this monolithic integrated circuit system design application monolithic integrated circuit control technology, the monolithic integrated circuit knowledge union which the semester studied for the core basis in has designed the electric piano system which by 51 monolithic integrated circuits set of monolithic integrated circuits controlled. This system majority of software and hardware may soften by the software routine the substitution, the electric circuit are succinct, the ease of operation, the performance are good The musical note in fact has the fixed cycle signal. First expands group of small keyboards (this design take 4×4 keyboard as example, may demand must expand), this pressed key often operates the pressed key for the triggering type. Pressed key's input signal gives AT89C51YI a timer through at89C51 P1 mouth input (for example T1) to control, outputs the square-wave periodic signal on the P3.4 foot, (easiest to use LM368) makes the audio frequency small power amplifier enlargement output through piece of LM324 the signal to deliver the speaker again (this design only then to use in monolithic integrated circuit experiment box's buzzer) finally to send out music.
 
 
 
  key word: AT89C51; LM324; Matrix keyboard line scan; Electric piano

目录

1 设计任务 1
1.1 设计内容与要求 1
1.2 基本工作原理及组成简介 1
1.3 基本步骤 2
2 设计系统主要功能的说明 2
2.1 设计设备的选择 2
2.2 设计原理 3
3 硬件电路设计 4
3.1 单片机的最小单位 4
3.2 单片机记时器的基本原理 5
3.3 LM324的工作原理 5
3.2.1 LM324作反相交流放大器 6
3.2.2 LM324作同相交流放大器 7
3.3 扩张后的按键的电路 7
3.4 总的硬件电路 7
4 软件设计流程 8
4.1 声音的控制 8
4.1.1 延时程序控制 8
4.1.2 定时器中断服务控制 9
4.1.3 矩阵键盘的行扫描控制 9
4.2 软件的实现 9
4.2.1主程序的实现 9
4.2.2定时器1 中断服务程序的实现 10
4.2.3 键盘扫描的实现方法 10
5 软、硬件的调试 12
5.1 调试方案的确定 12
5.2 调试过程 13
6 设计心得 13
参考文献 14
附录A设计的总电路图 15
附录B 电子琴的程序实现 16

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