基于PLC与变频器的交流电机调速控制系统

文档编号:ZD788    文档字数:24914,页数:51

摘要
 随着电力电子技术、计算机技术、自动控制技术的迅速发展，交流调速取代直流调速已成为现代电气传动的主要发展方向。通用变频器以及可编程控制器以其优越的调速和起保停性能、高效率、高功率因数和显著的节电效果而广泛应用于大、中型交流电机等，被公认为最有发展前途的调速控制。本课题就是针对交流电机的发展方向而设计的基于PLC和变频器对交流电机调速控制系统。
 本文首先介绍了交流调速系统的发展概况、使用领域，以及交流调速系统的国内外研究现状。由于PROFIBUS是一种不依赖生产厂家的开放式现场总线标准，不同厂商所生产的设备不需对其接口进行特别调整就可通信，目前它已广泛应用于加工制造、过程和建筑自动化，并且被认为是当今运行最快的现场总线。所以本文针对PROFIBUS总线的工作原理和特点，探讨了MM系列变频器在该系统中的应用情况，并分析了PROFIBUS-DP网络的拓扑结构，系统中主站和从站的建立，变频器GSD文件的导入，PLC对变频器控制的程序设计，MPI网络设置，最后给出了总线系统中控制字（PQW）和状态字（PIW）的数据格式。从而最终达到通过PLC和变频器对交流电机调速的目的。
 
 
关键词:通用变频器；可编程控制器；PROFIBUS；现场总线；交流电动机
 
The Control System Basing On AC Cage Induction Ajusts
 Abstract
 With the rapid development of the power electronics technology, computer technology, the automatic control technology, AC variable speed replace the DC Speed Control has become one of the main development direction of a modern electric drive. General-purpose inverters, as well as programmable logic controller for its superior speed regulation and the effective date of suspension performance, high efficiency, high power factor and a significant power-saving effect that widely used in large and medium-sized AC motor and so on, is recognized as the most promising Speed control . This topic is designed for the development direction of AC motor that based on PLC and inverter-based AC motor control system. 
  This article first introduced the general development of AC Drive System, the use of it’s area, as well as the domestic and abroad research of the DC Speed Control. As  PROFIBUS is a result of the do not rely on manufacturer opening working site  trunk standard, the equipment produced by different manufacturers does not need adjustments to its interface can communicate with each other, now it has been widely used in manufacturing, process and building automation, and considered to be the fastest working of today's working site trunk. Therefore, this paper based on the working principle and characteristics of the PROFIBUS trunk, discuss the situation of the MM series converter used in the system, and analyze the topology structure of PROFIBUS-DP network, the establishment of the main station and slave station in this system, guide of the inverter GSD documents, Program Designing of the PLC to the control of the inverter, MPI network settings, and finally gives the data format of control word (PQW), and status words (PIW)of the bus system. And ultimately to achieve the speed control of the AC motor through PLC and frequency  converter.
 
 
Keywords　 The alternating current；PLC；the field bus of PROFIBUS；AC motor

目录
摘要…… I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 PLC和变频器控制交流电机的调速的发展与现状 1
1.2 现场总线 2
1.2.1 现场总线简介 2
1.2.2 现场总线的主要优点 2
1.2.3 PROFIBUS的基本特性 3
1.2.4 现场总线的前景与发展 3
1.3 PLC和变频器控制交流调速的目的和意义 4
1.4 本文档的主要目的和内容安排 5
第2章 PROFIBUS的通讯原理 6
2.1 协议及通讯方式 6
2.1.1  协议结构 6
2.1.2  通讯方式 8
2.1.3  FDL帧的结构 11
2.2 传输技术 12
2.2.1 RS485传输技术 13
2.2.2 IEC1158-2传输技术 13
2.2.3 光纤传输技术 13
2.2.4 S7-400、S7-300的数据交换 14
2..3 本章总结 14
第3章 硬件设计方案 15
3.1 工业以太网简介 15
3.1.1 工业以太网的概念 15
3.2 系统拓扑结构图 16
3.2.1 工业总线的网络结构 16
3.2.2 PROFIBUS总线结构图 16
3.3 系统配置 17
3.3.1 PROFIBUS-DP现场总线的设备 18
3.3.2 从站 19
3.3.3 可编程控制器 20
3.3.4 变频器 20
3.4 本章总结： 22
第4章 软件的设计 23
4.1 设备数据库文件(GSD)的介绍 23
4.2 STEP软件简介 23
4.3 PLC程序设计 26
4.3.1 编程原则 26
4.3.2  PLC和存储点的地址分配 26
4.4 PI网络设置 27
4.5 机界面的特点及选择 30
4.6 分程序及说明 32
4.7 本章总结 39
结论 40
致谢 41
参考文献 42
附录 43

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