创业素质与能力培养路径的探索

我国现阶段的大学生毕业人数不断增加，也造成各行业的就业压力不断扩大，而逐年增加的毕业生人数和社会岗位需求越来越不匹配，很多大学生都面临着毕业等于失业、就业难的问题。在这种情况下，完全依靠政府和社会的力量是不可能解决的，培养大学生的创业意识就显得十分重要。大学生创业对缓解就业压力、转变经济发展具有重要作用。本文的主要研究课题是大学生的创业素质和创业能力。通过学生创业问卷调查，从创业学习能力、心理反应能力、创新创造能力、组织管理能力和把握机会的能力等方面,对学生群体的创业能力进行了分析和探讨，指出了这方面的一些不足之处，分析了造成这种不足的原因，从提高大学生自身创业热情，推动大创业教育的协同发展，创造良好的学生创业机会等方面提出了自己的思考，背景下学生创业素质与能力的提升提供参考和借鉴。

关键词：大学生创业；创业素质与能力；创业教育；校企合作

Abstract

At present, the number of college graduates in our country has been increasing, which has also caused the pressure of employment in various industries to expand. The increasing number of graduates and the demand for social positions are increasingly incompatible. Many college students are facing the problem that graduation is equal to unemployment and difficult to find employment. In this case, it is impossible to rely entirely on the power of the government and society, and it is very important to cultivate the entrepreneurial consciousness of college students. College students 'entrepreneurship plays an important role in easing employment pressure and transforming economic development. The main research topic of this paper is the entrepreneurial quality and entrepreneurial ability of college students. Through the questionnaire survey of students 'entrepreneurship, this paper analyzes and discusses the entrepreneurial ability of students from the aspects of entrepreneurial learning ability, psychological response ability, innovation and creation ability, organizational management ability and ability to grasp opportunities. This paper points out some shortcomings in this field, analyzes the reasons for these shortcomings, and puts forward his own thoughts on how to improve the enthusiasm of college students for entrepreneurship, promote the coordinated development of large-scale entrepreneurship education, and create good opportunities for students to start their own businesses. Under the background, the improvement of students 'entrepreneurial quality and ability provides reference and reference.

Key words:college students'entrepreneurship；entrepreneurship；entrepreneurship education；school-enterprise cooperatio

目  录

摘  要I

一、引言1

（一）研究背景与意义1

1.研究背景1

2.研究意义1

（二）文献综述1

1.国外研究现状1

2.国内研究现状2

3.研究述评2

二、创业素质与能力的概念及现状2

（一）创业的素质与能力2

（二）大学生创业素质与能力现状3

1.大学生创业动机具有盲目性3

2.大学生创业意识与动力不足3

3.大学生创业心态不成熟4

三、影响大学生创业素质与能力的成因及影响6

（一）影响大学生创业素质与能力的成因6

1.家庭环境因素6

2.教育环境因素6

3.社会环境因素6

（二）提升大学生创业素质与能力存在的问题7

1.机会把握能力不足7

2.心理应对能力弱7

3.组织管理能力不够8

4.创新创造能力不足8

四、提高大学生创业素质与能力的策略8

（一）营造创业活动的社会氛围8

1.加强媒体舆论对创业素质与能力的宣传工作8

2.多方协作促进创业活动的开展8

（二）培养大学生个体创业素质与能力9

1.理论课程与实践相结合9

2.转变对创业的态度9

3.完善自身对创业素质的认识9

（三）创造良好的大学生创业机会10

1.校企联动搭建创业实践平台10

2. 建立校企创业帮扶体制10

3.建立大学生创业信息档案系统10

结 论11

参考文献12

附 录：14

关于大学生自主创业素质与能力的问卷调查14

致谢19