1937—1939年广西的传染病及其防治机制

历史学^论文编号:LS104  ^论文字数:18103,页数:30

1937—1939年广西的传染病及其防治机制

摘要
1937—1939年，广西的传染病流行严重，对人们的健康和生命造成了危害。传染病疫情在广西时空分布上具有一定的规律性，这与所处的地理位置、气候环境等自然因素和经济发展、人口分布、居住环境等社会因素有密切的关系。1930年以后，新桂系政府大力推行医疗卫生建设，针对传染病的流行采取了一系列的应对措施，如努力培养公共卫生和医疗卫生，实施传染病预防办法，加强日常环境卫生清洁工作，加强城乡卫生宣传等。这对减少传染病的流行起到积极作用，减少了传染病流行，稳定了民心，安定了社会，但因客观原因和社会条件的制约，政府还不能有效地控制传染病。

 关键词：1937—1939年，广西，传染病，防治机制

The Infectious Diseases and the Mechanism of Prevention and Treatment in GuangXi from 1937 to 1939

Abstract
 The infectious disease was really serious in GuangXi from 1937 to 1939, which did harm to people’s health and life. At this period, the epidemic diseases in GuangXi area had a definite regularity in time and space. It is closely related to the factors in GuangXi, including the geographical location, the environment, the economic development, the population distribution and the living environment. Since 1930, government of NewGui promoted the construction of medical and health, and took a series of response measures to the infectious disease, such as developing public health and medical and health with an effort, implementing the preventive method of the epidemic, enhancing the cleanliness in the daily environment, and strengthening the publicity on the hygiene in both city and countryside. All these measures had a positive effect on reducing the spread of infectious diseases. And it reduced the popularity of infectious diseases, so that the morale became stable, and the society became secure. However, because of the objective reasons and the social conditions, the government cannot control the epidemic effectively yet.
 
 Key words：From 1937to 1939, GuangXi, infectious diseases, the mechanism

目录
  前言…………………………………………………………………………………1
 一  1937—1939年广西的传染病概况……………………………………………1
 （一）鼠疫…………………………………………………………………………3
 （二）霍乱…………………………………………………………………………4
 （三）天花…………………………………………………………………………6
 （四）流行性脑脊髓膜炎…………………………………………………………7
 （五）白喉…………………………………………………………………………9
 （六）赤痢…………………………………………………………………………10
 （七）伤寒…………………………………………………………………………11
 （八）斑疹伤寒……………………………………………………………………13
 （九）猩红热………………………………………………………………………14
 二  传染病时空分布特征…………………………………………………………16
 （一）传染病季节分布特征………………………………………………………16
 （二）传染病空间分布特征………………………………………………………17
 三  新桂系政府应对措施…………………………………………………………24
 （一）努力培养公共卫生和医疗人才……………………………………………25
 （二）实施传染病预防办法………………………………………………………25
    1、成立防疫机构………………………………………………………………25
2、建立防疫情报………………………………………………………………25
    3、预防注射……………………………………………………………………25
 （三）加强日常环境卫生清洁工作………………………………………………26
1、大扫除及扑灭蚊蝇鼠类运动………………………………………………26
2、街道清洁运动………………………………………………………………26
3、改良居室……………………………………………………………………26
 （四）加强城乡卫生宣传…………………………………………………………27
 结语…………………………………………………………………………………28
 致谢…………………………………………………………………………………28
 参考文献……………………………………………………………………………29

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