单片机液体点滴速度监控装置设计 二

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单片机液体点滴速度控制装置设计
 摘要:本系统以AT89C51单片机为核心，辅以必要的外部电路，实现点滴速度的检测和控制。用另外一片单片机作为主站，利用单片机之间的通信传输，设计制作一个主站控制多个从站的有线监控系统。监测与点滴速度调节构成从站主要功能，其主要模块除单片机控制部分外，还有滴速测量、滴速调节、异常报警、速度 设定和显示等。系统用红外线监测点滴来计数，采用两对对管传感器ST168分别工作 一发一收的状态，抗干扰能力强，不会引起遗漏或误触发；从站的键盘采用遥控装置，节省单片机的I/O口，增加系统操作的灵活性；采用独特的测量与控制算法，提高控制精度。充分利用了多片单片机的资源优势，系统的扩展功能强。
  关键词: 单片机液体点滴；单片机；RS-485通信；红外传感器 

 The Single-Chip Controlling Device Designing
Of The Velocity of The Transfusion
 Abstract: With a single- chip micyoco(SCM) as its core and necessary external circuit as its support, this instrument shall realize the function of spot speed monitoring and control. Using another SCM as the primary station, transmitting information by the communication among the SCMs, the experimenters designs and makes out this wired monitor system in which one primary station controls several accessory stations. An accessory station has a SCM as the major controlling module, and its major function includes monitoring and spot speed adjustment, as well as spot speed measurement, raising alarms to abnormal conditions, and speed setting and display. The system counts the spot amounts with an infrared monitor, employs two pairs of ST168 transducers, which work in the sending and receiving modes respectively. Set beside the titration funnel, the transducers perform well in counter-interference and shall not be easily omitted or wrongly triggered. The operating keyboard of accessory stations adopts remote devices, saves on the I/O sockets and increases the flexibility of system operation. And special monitoring and controlling counting method is employed to greatly improve the accuracy of control. The advantage of SCM’s rich resources is explored to perform the function of raising alarm to abnormal conditions. The system also has strong extended functions.   
 Key words: microcontroller of liquid droplet； One-chip Computer；RS-485 communication system；infrared sensor.
 目    录
摘  要  Ⅰ
Abstract Ⅱ
第1章 绪 论 1
1.1 单片机概述 1
 1.1.1单片机的一般结构 1
 1.1.2单片机的历史及发展 2
 1.1.3单片机的特点与应用 3
1.2 单片机应用系统的设计 4
 1.2.1组成单片机系统的基本方法 5
 1.2.2应用系统研制进程 5
1.3 单片机群控系统概述 6
1.4 单片机在液体点滴研究的现状 7
1.5 课题来源及主要研究内容 7
 1.5.1课题的来源 7
 1.3.2课题的主要研究内容 8
第2章 系统的总体设计及其结构 9
2.1系统要求及其功能 9
 2.1.1基本要求 9
 2.1.2其它要求 9
 3.1.3说明 10
2.2 系统的总体结构方案 10
2.3 各模块的方案设计和方案的选取 10
 2.3.1 点滴速度测量模块 10
 2.3.2 控制调节滴速模块 12
 2.3.3 液面高度检测和报警模块 12
 2.3.4 电机控制及其驱动模块 13
 2.3.5 滴速设定与显示模块 13
 2.3.6 声光报警 16
 2.3.7 主从站通讯模块 17
第3章 系统的硬件电路设计 18
3.1 从站各模块的硬件设计 18
 3.1.1 电机驱动模块 18
 3.1.2 滴速测量与电路模块 19
 3.1.3 报警模块 21
 3.1.4 键盘显示 21
3.2 主从站通信电路的实现 23
第4章 软件设计 25
4.1 从站程序设计 25
 4.1.1 从站模块图 25
 4.1.2 从站流程图 25
 4.1.3 滴速测量程序 28
 4.1.4 滴速控制程序 30
 4.1.5 键盘控制程序 30
4.2 通讯程序 33
结束语 39
参考文献 40
致  谢 41
附录A 参考程序清单 42
附录B 从站总电路图 56

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