电动机智能软起动控制系统的研究与设计 二

^论文字数:23523,页数:56  附任务书，开题报告，文献综述 
 
 电动机智能软启动控制系统的研究与设计

 摘要：本设计是一个电动机软启动控制系统，系统硬件设计采用三菱变频器的多功能特性，用恒压频比控制方案对电动机的启动进行控制，使大容量电动机的启动电压从某一基值逐步升高，以减少电动机的启动电流，从而保护电机和周边的用电设备。
 系统软件设计采用单片机实现对三菱变频器的远程控制，对其进行功能参数设定和运行参数监测，以及对变频器输入、输出侧电压信号频率和相位的测量和显示，当输入与输出测电压同频、同相时，单片机发出控制信号使变频器结束软启动，电机由变频器驱动改为工频驱动至正常运行。变频器功能参数的输入是利用单片机的串行通讯口，预先在变频器与主控单片机之间指定一个通讯协议使通讯数据在该协议下通过单片机准确无误的发送与接收。相位差的测量设计方案采用数字技术对与相位差成正比的脉宽进行计数测量的办法。而频率的测量的方案为：把电压信号转化为标准数字脉冲信号，在闸门时间为1秒的情况下进行等精度测量。在设计中选用INTEL公司的MCS-51单片机作为主芯片对三菱公司FR-E540型变频器进行控制，所有的设计在在线仿真器伟福上进行设计编程仿真。整个系统调试方便，硬件简单，易于实现。经理论分析以及仿真，本设计达到设计要求中性能要求和各方面的功能指标
 关键词：变频器  单片机   串行通信  频率、相位检测
  
  The Brain Control of Electic Motor in Smooth Start
 Abstract: The system in hardware use the versatity of the sanling transducer to control the electric motor with the plan that the answer of voltage is divided by frequency is uniform. The method make the start voltage of the large capacity electric motor rise graudually to descrease the start current and to protect the motor and the surrounding equipment.
  The system in software design use microprocessor to control the sanling transducer in long-range that configure and monitor the functional parametor,measure and display the frequency and the phase-shift between two signals which come from the input and the output of the sanling transducer respectively.When the frequency and the phase-shift become the same ,the microprocessor send up the signal to finish the start.The functional parametor is entered by serial communicate port of the microprocessor and is sent out and accepted precisely in a agreement which is configured in advance between microprocessor and sanling transducer.Digital technology is adopted to measure the phase-shift in direct ratio the differentiating pulse width of the two signals.The method of the frepuency measure is :transform voltage signal into pulse signal in beforehand,then measure the pulse signal in a second.And all the design is programmed with weifu in assemble language.With simply hardwares. The system is easy to adjust and achieve. Tests prove that the system meets the requirements.
    Keywords: transducer  microprocessor  conmunication  The test of the frequency and the phase-shift

目    录
中文摘要……………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
英文摘要…………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
第1章．绪论………………………………………………………………………１
1.1异步电机的启动问题…………………………………………………………1
1.2新型电力电子启动方法…………………………………………………………2
1.3国内外研究现状…………………………………………………………………５
1.4课题的来源与意义………………………………………………………………6
1.5本文主要研究工作及总体设计方案……………………………………………6
第2章．系统的硬件设计……………………………………………………………7
第3章．系统的软件设计……………………………………………………………9
3.1单片机与变频器的通讯…………………………………………………………10
3.1.1总体方案设计…………………………………………………………………10
3.1.2单元电路设计…………………………………………………………………10
3.1.2.1键盘及显示器接口电路……………………………………………………10
3.1.2.2通信处理、接口电路………………………………………………………14
3.1.2.3变频器输入输出侧电压频率相位检测电路………………………………23
3.1.2.4控制信号驱动和继电输出电路……………………………………………25
3.1.2.5软件编程……………………………………………………………………26
3.1.3掉电保护方案设计……………………………………………………………35
3.1.4结论……………………………………………………………………………35
3.2用FPGA控制变频器的运行…………………………………………………35
3.3．方案比较与论证………………………………………………………………36
第4章．结束语……………………………………………………………………37
4.1全文总结…………………………………………………………………………37
4.2存在问题与展望…………………………………………………………………37
参考文献……………………………………………………………………………38
致谢…………………………………………………………………………………39
附录…………………………………………………………………………………40
元器件明细表…………………………………………………………………40
仪器设备清单…………………………………………………………………40
FR-A540(L)系列变频器的功能参数及其ASC11代码…………………………40
程序清单………………………………………………………………………41

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