论我国强制措施的完善

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摘  要
    强制措施是刑事诉讼制度的重要组成部分。目前，由于我国立法不完善、执法过程存在问题等多种因素影响，强制措施制度在司法实践中出现了一些亟待解决的问题，如取保候审适用率过低、羁押比例高、审前羁押成为一种惯例、监视居住的变相执行、逮捕目的异化以及超期羁押现象严重等，这些问题都与公民最基本的宪法性权利——人身自由权密切相关，对这些问题进行研究，一方面是为了解决强制措施在司法实践中存在的问题，另一方面也是为了实现国家刑罚的同时最大限度的实现人权保障。因此，本文以分析我国刑事强制措施制度中存在的主要问题为出发点，立足我国实际，通过研究和借鉴其他法治国家的成熟做法，分别从强制措施体系和体制的完善、注重一般原则的建立及适用、具体措施的完善三个方面提出应当采取增加强制措施种类、对适用强制措施的权利进行重新分配、注重适用比例原则、引进并建立司法审查原则、扩大取保候审的范围、严格把握逮捕条件等措施来完善我国刑事强制措施制度，健全强制措施体系，从而使我国刑事强制措施制度臻于完善。

关键词：强制措施，主要问题，完善措施

Abstract
The mandatory measure is an important part to the system of criminal action. At present, because legislation is not perfect, enforcement procedure exists loopholes and the influences of so many kinds of factors, the system of mandatory measure has some problems need to be solved in judicial practice. For example, the rate of undertaking recognizance upon bail is low, the ratio of detainment is high, pretrial detainment is universal, the disguised enforcement of living at home under surveillance, the change of the aim for arrest and the excess of detainment. These problems are closed related with the most basic constitutional right of citizen——personal freedom. Research into these questions, for one thing, to solve the problems of mandatory measure, which exists in the judicial practice, for another, to safeguard the human rights and make reprisals. Therefore, starting from taking analyzes the subject matter which exists in the system of criminal activity mandatory measure, we have to increase the kinds of compulsory measure, distribute anew the application of purview, enlarge the scope of undertaking recognizance upon bail and strictly execute conditions.

Keywords：mandatory measure; main problems; consummate ways

目  录
摘  要 ......................................................II
Abstract ....................................................III
引  言 ......................................................1
一、概  述.................................................. 2
（一）强制措施的概念及特征 ..................................2
二、我国各项具体强制措施存在的主要问题 ......................4
（一）拘传措施中存在的主要问题.............................. 4
（二）取保候审措施存在的主要问题 ............................4
（三）监视居住措施存在的主要问题 ............................5
（四）拘留措施存在的主要问题................................ 5
（五）逮捕措施存在的主要问题 ................................5
三、完善我国的刑事强制措施 ..................................7
（一）进一步完善我国刑事强制措施体系和体制 ..................7
（二）完善我国强制措施体系的一般原则 ........................7
（三）具体强制措施的完善 ....................................9
1.拘传措施的完善............................................ 9
2.取保候审措施的完善 ........................................9
3.监视居住措施的完善 ........................................10
4.拘留措施的完善 ............................................11
5.逮捕措施的完善 ............................................11
结  论 ......................................................13
参考文献： ..................................................14
致  谢 ......................................................15

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