《左传》中的谦称和敬称

文档编号:HY166  文档字数:10412,页数:16

 摘    要
 
 在春秋时代，西周以来的礼制、礼俗尚未完全崩坏，时人始终是保有一种“尊礼”的思想，而谦词和敬词的使用，正是可以达到“自卑而尊人”的目的。《左传》记叙的是春秋时代的历史事件，书中对谦敬词的使用较为突出，尤其是在对话中。本文收集了《左传》中的谦词和敬词，并对人物双方对话中出现的谦称和敬称作穷尽式的考察和分析，从中揭示谦称和敬称所反映的春秋时期文化精神。
 关键词：《左传》；谦称；敬称

 Abstract
 
 During the Chunqiu Period, the etiquette and custom derived from Western Zhou Dynasty has not been completely damaged, and the contemporaries have been consistently worshiping rites. To employ the modest words and respectful ones could reach the point of “Behave oneself lowly to achieve respects for others”. Zuozhuan comprises historical events that happened during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States and the use of modest words and respectful ones especially in the dialogues characterize this book. This article contains modest words and respectful ones in Zuozhuan which will be reviewed and analyzed completely under the circumstances of the dialogues so as to represent the contemporary cultural spirit.
 Key words: Zuozhuan;  modest appellation; honorific title

 目     录

前言…………………………………………………………………………4
一、《左传》中谦称和敬称的基本情况…………………………………4
 （一）男性的谦称和敬称……………………………………………5
 （二）女性的谦称和敬称……………………………………………10
二、从《左传》看春秋时期谦敬称的特点………………………………11
 （一）尊卑性…………………………………………………………12
 （二）典雅性…………………………………………………………12
 （三）传承性…………………………………………………………12
 （四）繁丰性…………………………………………………………13
 （五）相对性…………………………………………………………13
三、《左传》敬谦称折射的春秋文化精神………………………………13
四、结语……………………………………………………………………14
参考文献 …………………………………………………………………16
致谢 ………………………………………………………………………17

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