浅论协商民主的内涵及其意义

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摘   要
协商民主兴起于20世纪后期，是对传统民主危机的回应和一种替代性的选择。协商民主可以理解为通过政治共同体或成员之间，自由、平等地对话交流、妥协，就共同体利益达成共识的过程。强调普通公民的政治参与，核心在于协商和对话，而不是竞争和对抗，是一种注重过程的民主形态。其特征表现为：协商参与主体平等性和自由性；协商参与主体范围的多元性；协商的公共性和公开性；协商程序的制度性；协商参与主体必须富有理性和责任性。作为新兴民主的理论与实践，协商民主能够弥补传统民主的不足、培养公民责任感、促进政府合法决策、控制和约束行政权力运作。本文通过对协商民主的兴起及其基本内涵的分析，来了解其理论实质，进而就其本身和对中国政治实践的意义进行建设性的探讨。
【关键词】协商民主  基本内涵  公共理性  本土文化

On the Connotation and Significance of Deliberative Democracy
  Abstract  
    Deliberative Democracy,originated in the late 20th century, is a response and an alternative choice to the crisis of traditional democracy. Deliberative Democracy can be understood as a process that a consensus is reached according to the mutual interests by communicating and compromising freely and equally between the political community or between the members. It is a process-oriented form of democracy that stresses the political participation of ordinary citizens, lies in consultations and dialogue, rather than competition and confrontation. Its characteristics are: freedom,diversity and equality of the main consulting participants; publicity and openness in consultilation; institutionality of consulting process; reason and responsibility owned by the participants. As the theory and practice of the recently emerging democracy,Deliberative Democracy can compensate for the lack of the traditional democracy, cultivate civic responsibility, promote the legitimate decision-making, and control and restrain the operation of administrative power. This essay will be dovoted to a constructive discussion of the theory and its significance to the practice of Chinese politics by analyzing the rise and basic connotation of Deliberative Democracy to understand its theoritical characteristics.
Key words: Deliberative Democracy; basic connotation; public ration; native culture

目 录
摘 要 Ⅲ
ABSTRACT Ⅳ
引 言 1
一、协商民主的兴起 2
二、协商民主的基本内涵 4
（一） 协商民主的理论渊源 4
（二）协商民主的内涵 4
1．协商民主的概念界定 4
2．协商民主的特征 5
三、协商民主的意义 8
（一）协商民主的理论意义 8
1．完善民主理论体系 8
2．开创民主理论研究的新方向 9
（二）协商民主的实践意义 10
1．能够为民主社会培养所需要的良好公民精神 10
2. 通过参与和表达，促进政府合法决策 10
3．实现权益政治走向公益政治，有效控制行政权力的非民主取向 11
（二）协商民主对中国的意义 11
1．协商民主与中国本土传统政治文化价值相契合 12
2．协商民主符合中国现实，有利于促进中国民主渐进、稳妥地向前发展 12
3．协商民主有利于构建中国和谐社会 13
结 语 15
参考文献 16
致　谢 17

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