电动小车系统硬件设计

文档编号:ZD972    文档字数:9873,页数:24

 摘要
 随着计算机技术和人工智能技术的飞速发展，使智能小车在功能和技术层次方面都有了很大提高，可以按照预先设定的模式在一个环境里自动的运作，不需要人为的管理，可应用于科学勘探等的用途，在工业生产中常用来完成运输和上下料等任务，同时也可被广泛用于旅游、医疗等不同行业。
 智能小车技术是近年来的研究热点，自主行驶是其最基本的功能。本次设计的智能小车根据自主行驶要求分成四大模块，电机驱动模块、光码盘测速模块、液晶显示模块，遥控电路模块。文档详细介绍了每个模块的基本功能和设计方法，并完成各模块硬件的制作和调试。最后配以所设计的程序实现了系统的指标要求。本设计结构简单，实现容易，所设计智能小车具有高度的智能化、人性化等特点，具有较好的应用价值。
关键词：智能小车；电机驱动系统；光码盘测速；液晶显示；遥控模块

 Abstract
 With the rapid development of computer technology and artificial intelligence, the smart car has been greatly improved in the functional and technical level. Without human management, it can operate automatically under the pre-determined model. As a result, the smart car can be used in scientific prospecting and industrial production for transporting, loading and blanking. Furth -ermore, it can also be widely used in tourism, medical care, and other industries.
 The technology of smart car is a research hotspot in recent years and self-driving is its most basic function. In this study, the smart car is divided into four modules according to the requirem -ent of self-driving---motor drive module, optical encoder velocimetry module, liquid crystal dis -play module and remote control circuit module. This paper introduces in detail the basic functio -ns and design methods of each module, and completed the production and debugging of hardw -are in each module. Finally, with procedures designed, it achieves the target requirements of the system. In this design, the structure is simple, easy to achieve, and the smart car is designed with a high degree of intelligent and user-friendly features and so on, which gives the smart car better ap -plication value. 
Keywords：smart car; motor drive system; optical code disc; liquid crystal display; remote control module

 目 录
摘要………………………………………………………………………………………………I
Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………………II
1  绪论 1
2 单片机在课题中的应用 2
2.1　AT89C51单片机功能简介 2
2.2外部引脚说明 2
2.2.1主电源引脚 3
2.2.2 外接晶体引脚 3
2.2.3　输入/输出引脚 3
2.2.4 控制引脚 3
2.2.5 复位状态和复位电路设计 4
3.方案设计 5
3.1  驱动电路模块 5
3.1.1  驱动芯片介绍 5
3.1.2  驱动电路 7
3.2液晶显示模块及接口电路 9
3.2.1 接口及引脚说明 11
3.3 遥控电路模块 11
3.3.1 发射模块设计 12
3.3.2 接收模块设计 14
3.4 单片机最小系统模块 15
3.5 红外测速模块 16
4 小车的制作与调试 18
4.1小车的制作 18
4.2小车的调试 18
5 总结 19
6感谢 20
参考文献 21

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